An oxide superconducting bulk magnet able to prevent breakage of a superconducting bulk member and able to give a sufficient amount of total magnetic flux at a superconducting bulk member surface even under high magnetic field strength conditions, comprising an oxide superconducting bulk laminate formed from sheet-shaped oxide superconducting bulk members and high strength reinforcing members arranged between the stacked oxide superconducting bulk members, the outer circumference of the oxide superconducting bulk laminate being provided with an outer circumference reinforcing member.

Provided is an MgB.sub.2 superconductive thin film wire material allowing for lower costs while maintaining superconductive properties that are equal to or greater than those of the MgB.sub.2 superconductive thin film wire material of prior art, and to provide a production method for the superconductive thin film wire material. The MgB.sub.2 superconductive thin film wire material according to the present invention is a superconductive wire material comprising an MgB.sub.2 thin film formed over an elongated metal base material, characterized in that the MgB.sub.2 thin film exhibits a critical temperature of 30 K or higher, and has a microscopic organization wherein MgB.sub.2 columnar crystal grains stand densely packed on the surface of the elongated metal base material, and a layer of Mg oxide is formed in such a manner as to surround the MgB.sub.2 columnar crystal grains in the grain boundary regions of the MgB.sub.2 columnar crystal grains.

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

The following two problems arise when carbon is added to a starting material powder in the process of production of an MgB.sub.2 superconductor: (1) an impurity phase increases; and (2) the degree of substitution of carbon at boron sites is spatially non-uniform. This superconductor production method comprises: a mixing step of mixing a starting material powder and an additive; and a heat treatment step of heat-treating the mixture prepared in the mixing step. The starting material powder is MgB.sub.2 powder or a mixed powder of magnesium and boron, and the additive is an MgBC compound containing three elements of magnesium, boron and carbon.

An oxide superconducting wire includes a superconducting layer formed disposed on a substrate. The superconducting layer includes a structure in which artificial pin rods having different lengths dispersed on a plane parallel to a substrate surface of the substrate. A degree of dispersion in length of the artificial pin rods in the plane parallel to the substrate surface is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

A superconducting wire includes a stack which includes: a first substrate having a first primary surface; a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate; and a first superconducting material layer between the first primary surface and the second substrate. A ratio w/h of a width w of the superconducting wire to a height h of the superconducting wire in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the superconducting wire is 0.8 or greater and 10 or less. The width w is 2 mm or less.

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

The disclosure provides relates to compositions and methods for water treatment. It also addresses a method for synthesizing TiO.sub.2 (and other metal oxides) with or without dopants. This method enables control over size, phase, morphology and porosity and specific surface area of these materials. The disclosure also provides metal oxide composites that can be used in photocatalysts, photovoltaics, and solar hydrogen applications.