A manufacturing method of ceramic powder includes mixing a barium carbonate having a specific surface are of 15 m.sup.2/g or more, a titanium dioxide having a specific surface area of 20 m.sup.2/g or more, a first compound of a donor element having a larger valence than Ti, and a second compound of an acceptor element having a smaller valence than Ti and having a larger ion radium than Ti and the donor element, and synthesizing barium titanate powder by calcining the barium carbonate, the titanium dioxide, the first compound and the second compound until a specific surface area of the barium titanate powder becomes 4 m.sup.2/g or more and 25 m.sup.2/g or less.

There is provided a titanyl sulfate hydrate powder comprising 25 to 40% by mass of titanium element in terms of TiO.sub.2, 40 to 60% by mass of sulfur element in terms of H.sub.2SO.sub.4, and niobium element in such an amount that a molar ratio of niobium element to titanium element (Nb/Ti) is 0.00005 to 0.012, with a molar ratio of the sulfur element content to the titanium element content (S/Ti) being 1.1 to 1.5, and comprising crystalline titanyl sulfate dihydrate (TiOSO.sub.4.Math.2H.sub.2O). Thus, the present invention can provide a titanyl sulfate hydrate powder with a high dissolution rate in water and a production method therefor, as well as a method for producing an aqueous titanyl sulfate solution, a method for producing an electrolyte and a method for producing a redox flow battery, using the titanyl sulfate hydrate powder.

A lithium titanate/titanium niobate core-shell composite material includes a core which comprises lithium titanate; and a shell which is cladded over the core and comprises titanium niobate. A preparation method of lithium titanate/titanium niobate core-shell composite material includes (A) mixing lithium titanate powder and titanium niobate powder; and (B) granulating the mixture produced by step (A) through a spray granulation process to obtain a lithium titanate/titanium niobate composite material with titanium niobate cladding over lithium titanate. The lithium titanate/titanium niobate core-shell composite material and the preparation method thereof can be applied to a battery.

A dielectric film includes a main component of a complex oxide represented by a general formula of (Sr.sub.1-xCa.sub.x).sub.yTiO.sub.3. 0.40≤x≤0.90 and 0.90≤y≤1.10 are satisfied. A ratio of a diffraction peak intensity on (1, 1, 2) plane of the complex oxide to a diffraction peak intensity on (0, 0, 4) plane of the complex oxide in an X-ray diffraction chart of the dielectric film is 3.00 or more. Instead, a ratio of an intensity of a diffraction peak appearing at a diffraction angle 2θ of 32° or more and 34° or less to an intensity of a diffraction peak appearing at a diffraction angle 2θ of 46° or more and 48° or less in an X-ray diffraction chart of the dielectric film obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement with Cu-Kα ray as an X-ray source is 3.00 or more.

A resin composition is provided including: coated particles, each including a core containing a metal oxide and a coating layer containing an aluminum hydrous oxide and provided on a surface of the core; and a resin. The metal oxide is represented by M.sub.xO.sub.y, where M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ti, Sr, Pb, Zr, La, Ta, Ca, and Bi, and x and y each represent a number determined from a stoichiometric ratio according to the valence of the metal element M. The resin composition has an atomic ratio Al/(M+Al) of 0.05 or more and 0.7 or less, as determined by XPS for the particles contained in the resin composition.

Provided are titanium oxide particles having a higher photocatalytic activity as compared to the conventional ones; a dispersion liquid thereof; a photocatalyst thin film formed using such dispersion liquid; a member having such photocatalyst thin film on its surface; and a method for producing the titanium oxide particle dispersion liquid. The titanium oxide particles are those with a titanium component and a silicon component being adhered to the surfaces thereof, wherein a molar ratio of the titanium component to titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2/Ti) is 10 to 10,000, and a molar ratio of the silicon component to titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2/Si) is 1 to 10,000; and the titanium oxide particle dispersion liquid is one with such titanium oxide particles being dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium.

The pigment is composed of particles having a lattice constant a of 5.4700-5.5100 Å and containing a calcium-titanium composite oxide as a main component. The pigment selectively transmit light in a warm-color range, and can be used as an alternative material for titanium oxide. This pigment can be used for a cosmetic, for example.

Resistive switching devices that contain lithium, including resistive switching devices containing a lithium titanate, and associated systems and methods are generally described. In some cases, the resistive switching device contains a lithium titanate-containing domain, a first electrode, and a second electrode. In some cases, the application of an electrical potential to the resistive switching device causes a change in resistance state of the lithium titanate-containing domain. The resistive switching devices described herein may be useful as memristors, and in applications that include Resistive-random access memory and neuromorphic computing.

Embodiments of the present invention are in the field of materials, apparatus, process, methods, and designs for manufacture of a thin film energy storage devices with a capacity greater then 1 mA-hr-cm.sup.−2 including thin film Lithium metal and Li+ ion batteries and capacitors having high energy density and high cycle life due to the incorporation of at least one vacuum thin film with respect to protection and electrical conductivity of the electrodes, and at least one vacuum thin film electrolyte for electrical insulation of the electrodes and ion conduction after assembly for low self discharge and high cycle life battery cells.

Embodiments of the present invention are in the field of materials, apparatus, process, methods, and designs for manufacture of a thin film energy storage devices with a capacity greater then 1 mA-hr-cm.sup.−2 including thin film Lithium metal and Li+ ion batteries and capacitors having high energy density and high cycle life due to the incorporation of at least one vacuum thin film with respect to protection and electrical conductivity of the electrodes, and at least one vacuum thin film electrolyte for electrical insulation of the electrodes and ion conduction after assembly for low self discharge and high cycle life battery cells.