A solid electrolyte contains a borate containing Li, an element R selected from a group including Yb, Er, Ho, Tm, La, Nd, and Sm, and an element M selected from a group including Zr, Ce, and Sn.

Described are a solid material which has ionic conductivity for lithium ions, a composite comprising said solid material and a cathode active material, a process for preparing said solid material, a use of said solid material as a solid electrolyte for an electrochemical cell, a solid structure selected from the group consisting of a cathode, an anode and a separator for an electrochemical cell comprising the solid material, and an electrochemical cell comprising such solid structure.

Set forth herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also set forth herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Disclosed herein are novel and inventive methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are novel electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also set forth herein are methods for preparing novel structures, including dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also, the methods set forth herein disclose novel sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof.

Disclosed is a method of decontamination by exposing a zirconium oxy(hydroxide) aerogel to a liquid, vapor, or gaseous sample suspected of containing a phosphonate compound. The aerogel may be doped with Fe.sup.3+ ions, Ce.sup.3+ ions, or SO.sub.4.sup.2− ions. The aerogel may be made by: providing a solution of ZrCl.sub.4; FeCl.sub.3, CeCl.sub.3, or Zr(SO.sub.4).sub.2; and a solvent; adding a cyclic ether to the solution to form a gel; infiltrating the gel with liquid carbon dioxide; applying a temperature and pressure to form supercritical fluid carbon dioxide; and removing the carbon dioxide for form an aerogel.

A process for producing a metal oxide powder by flame spray pyrolysis where a) a stream of a solution containing at least one oxidizable or hydrolysable metal compound is atomized to afford an aerosol by means of an atomizer gas, b) this aerosol is brought to reaction in the reaction space of the reactor with a flame obtained by ignition of a mixture of fuel gas and air, c) the reaction stream is cooled and d) the solid product is subsequently removed from the reaction stream, wherein e) the reaction space comprises one or more successive double-walled internals, wherein the wall of the double-walled internal facing the flame-conducting region of the reaction space comprises at least one slot through which a gas or vapour is introduced into the reaction space in which the flame is burning and f) the slot is arranged such that this gas or vapour brings about a rotation of the flame.

The present invention relates to a method of preparation of a garnet-type inorganic material. It also relates to the garnet-type inorganic material itself. The process comprises the following steps: (1) bringing an aqueous solution S comprising (i) a salt of zirconium, (ii) a salt of lanthanum and (iii) a salt of the element A or a precursor of an oxide of element A into contact with an aqueous solution of a basic compound, as a result of which a precipitate suspended in the reaction medium is obtained; (2) stirring the reaction medium obtained at the end of step (1) for at least 30 min; (3) bringing the precipitate obtained at the end of step (2) into contact with an additive selected in the group consisting of: anionic surfactants; nonionic surfactants; polyethylene glycols; carboxylic acids and their salts; and surfactants of the carboxymethylated fatty alcohol ethoxylate type; (4) calcining in air the precipitate recovered at the end of the previous step at a temperature which is at least 400° C.; (5) bringing into contact the product obtained at the end of step (4) with a salt of lithium; (6) calcining in air the product obtained at the end of step (5) at a temperature between 700° C. and 1100° C.; 20 the inorganic compound M comprising or consisting essentially of a garnet oxide or garnet-type oxide containing, as constituent elements, the elements Li, La, Zr and at least one element A selected in the group consisting of Al, Ga, Nb, Fe, W, Ta, or a mixture thereof.

The present invention provides a scandia-stabilized zirconia powder for solid oxide fuel cells or a scandia-stabilized zirconia sintered body for solid oxide fuel cells, each having high crystal structure stability, low grain-boundary resistivity, and high ionic conductivity; and the production methods of these. The scandia-stabilized zirconia powder for solid oxide fuel cells comprises a compound represented by formula (1): (ZrO.sub.2).sub.1-x-a(Sc.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.x(Al.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.a. In formula (1), 0.09≤x≤0.11 and 0.002≤a<0.01 are satisfied. The scandia-stabilized zirconia powder has a rhombohedral phase crystal structure. The sintered body of the scandia-stabilized zirconia powder has a cubic phase crystal structure. The sintered body of the scandia-stabilized zirconia powder has a grain-boundary resistivity of 12 Ω.Math.cm or less at 550° C.

The invention relates to a ferroelectric, which has a piezoelectric material having a hafnium proportion of 2% or less, to the use of a ferroelectric of this type in energy generation and for implementation in memory, processor and sensor technologies, to the use of a ferroelectric, in which use energy demand is lowered by superconductivity, and to a method for producing a ferroelectric, in which method a sintering method is used.

Methods of using silica-zirconia catalysts in processes to reduce an amount of glycidol, glycidyl ester(s), or both glycidol and glycidyl ester(s) from a triglyceride-containing composition, such as edible oils, are disclosed. Silica-zirconia catalysts and methods of making silica-zirconia catalysts are also disclosed.

A mixed oxide, a catalytic composition, a catalytic wall-flow monolith, the use of the mixed oxide and the process of the preparation of the mixed oxide. The mixed oxide comprises zirconium, cerium, lanthanum and optionally at least one rare earth element other than cerium and other than lanthanum. The catalytic composition and the wall-flow monolith comprise the particles of the mixed oxide. The use of the mixed oxide is in the preparation of a coating on a filter. The process of preparation of the mixed oxide consists jet milling. The mixed oxide is a compromise between a calibrated size and a low viscosity when in the form of an aqueous slurry while retaining a high specific surface area and a high pore volume.