The invention relates to a solid body of a compound of formula Zn.sub.1-t-eT.sub.tE.sub.eO.sub.1-yY.sub.y, wherein the compound has a wurtzite structure and wherein T represents one or more transition metals, selected from one or more of Mn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Co and Ni; E represents one or more alkaline earth metals, selected from one or more of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; Y represents one or more chalcogens, selected from S, Se, Te; tis a value in the region of 0 to <1; e is a value from 0 to <1, and y is a value from 0 to <1.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a vesicle, a hollow nanostructure, and a method for preparing the same. The preparation method of the vesicle includes: mixing and evenly stirring an aqueous solution of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and an aqueous solution of tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A; and allowing a stirred aqueous solution including cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A to stand for a first preset period to obtain an aggregate vesicle of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a vesicle, a hollow nanostructure, and a method for preparing the same. The preparation method of the vesicle includes: mixing and evenly stirring an aqueous solution of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and an aqueous solution of tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A; and allowing a stirred aqueous solution including cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A to stand for a first preset period to obtain an aggregate vesicle of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and tetraphenylethylene-bisphenol A.

An absorber coating is provided for solar heat power generation that has excellent thermal oxidation resistance and a high spectral absorptance and manufacturing method thereof. The absorber coating for solar heat power generation has a network structure of composite particles comprising: particles of metal oxide containing mainly two or more metals selected from Mn, Cr, Cu, Zr, Mo, Fe, Co and Bi, and titanium oxide partly or entirely coating on the surface of the particle of the metal oxide. The arithmetic mean estimation of the surface of the coating is 1.0 μm or more, and a ratio of a network area of the composite particle to a plane area of the coating is 7 or more.

A disordered rocksalt lithium metal oxide and oxyfluoride as in manganese-vanadium oxides and oxyfluorides well suited for use in high capacity lithium-ion battery electrodes such as those found in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. A lithium metal oxide or oxyfluoride example is one having a general formula: Li.sub.xM′.sub.aM″.sub.bO.sub.2-yF.sub.y, with the lithium metal oxide or oxyfluoride having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure of one of (a) or (b), with (a) 1.09≤x≤1.35, 0.1≤a≤0.7, 0.1≤b≤0.7, and 0≤y≤0.7; M′ is a low valent transition metal and M″ is a high-valent transition metal; and (b) 1.1≤x≤1.33, 0.1≤a≤0.41, 0.39≤b≤0.67, and 0≤y≤0.3; M′ is Mn; and M″ is V or Mo. The oxides or oxyfluorides balance accessible Li capacity and transition metal capacity. An immediate application example is for high energy density Li-cathode battery materials, where the cathode energy is a key limiting factor to overall performance. The second structure (b) is optimized for maximal accessible Li capacity.

As an aspect of an embodiment, a crystal contains a metal oxide containing Ga and Mn and having a corundum structure.

Herein disclosed are compositions for passive NOx adsorption and oxidation that include at least a manganese-based oxide and one or more promoter materials and methods for making and using said compositions. The promotor materials may include a rare earth, transition, or main group metal. The compositions may be used in NOx emission control system and adsorbs NOx compounds at low temperatures and then release NOx at higher temperatures, where the NOx can be oxidized, without the hybridized MnOX composition breaking down. The compositions are capable of maintaining a sufficiently large surface area at high temperatures found in the emissions gas streams of internal combustion engines necessary for the complete elimination of NOx.

A class of compositions in the LiMnOF chemical space for Li-ion cathode materials. The compositions are cobalt-free, high-capacity Li-ion battery cathode materials synthesized with cation-disordered rocksalt (DRX) oxide or oxyfluorides, with the general formula Li.sub.xMn.sub.2-xO.sub.2-yF.sub.y (1.1x1.3333; 0y0.6667). The compositions are characterized by: (i) high capacities (e.g., >240 mAh/g); (ii) high energy densities (e.g., >750 Wh/kg between 1.5-4.8V); (iii) favorable cyclability; and (iv) low cost.

A positive electrode for a rechargeable battery, comprising a lithium metal oxide powder having a layered crystal structure and having the formula Li.sub.xTm.sub.yHm.sub.zO.sub.6, with 3x4.8, 0.60y2.0, 0.60z2.0, and x+y+z=6, wherein Tm is one or more transition metals of the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cr; wherein Hm is one or more metals of the group consisting of Zr, Nb, Mo and W. The lithium metal oxide powder may comprise dopants and have the formula Li.sub.xTm.sub.yHm.sub.zM.sub.mO.sub.6 A, wherein A is either one or more elements of the group consisting of F, S or N; and M is either one or more metal of the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Y, La, Ce and Zr, with either >0 or m>0, 0.05, m0.05 and x+y+z+m=6.

Provided is a method for inhibiting extractant degradation in the DSX process through the manganese extraction control, the method comprising: (a) stirring DSX solvent and DSX feed solution, which is a solution containing a valuable metal from which iron has been removed in an agitator, in which soda ash (Na.sub.2CO.sub.3) is further added to maintain a constant pH; and (b) scrubbing the manganese from the DSX solvent, extracted in step (a).