Carboxylic acids are prepared by a one-step gas phase process comprising the step of contacting under halogen-free hydroxycarbonylation conditions an alkene, carbon monoxide, water, and a solid sulfide-containing catalyst.

The present invention provides a supported metal catalyst, a method for synthesizing ammonia using said catalyst, and a supported metal material in which a transition metal is supported on a support, wherein the support is a metal hydride represented by general formula (1): XH.sub.n . . . (1); and in general formula (1), X represents at least one selected from the group consisting of atoms from Groups 2 and 3, and lanthanoid atoms, and n is in a range of 2<n<3.

Disclosed herein are a positive electrode active material including at least one selected from among compounds represented by Formula 1 below and a lithium secondary battery including the same that is capable of improving lifetime characteristics and rate characteristics while exhibiting excellent safety: xLi.sub.2M.sub.yMn.sub.(1-y)O.sub.3-zA.sub.z*(1x)LiMO.sub.2-zA.sub.z (1), where M is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ru, Mo, Nb, Te, Re, Ir, Pt, Cr, S, W, Os, and Po, M is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ni, Ti, Co, Al, Mn, Fe, Mg, B, Cr, Zr, Zn, and second row transition metals, A and A are each independently a negative monovalent or divalent anion, and 0<x<1, 0.3<y<1, 0z<0.5, and 0z<0.5.

The present invention relates to a method of making a mercury based compound, to a mercury based compound and to methods of using the mercury based compound and to uses of the mercury based compound.

A mixture contains metal oxide particles that are coated with an organic compound. The organic compound is represented by Formula I:

R.sup.1COR.sup.2(I), wherein R.sup.1 is an aliphatic residue having 8 to 32 carbon atoms, wherein R.sup.2 is either OM or comprises the moiety XR.sup.3, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic residue, wherein R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic residue, and wherein M is a cation. The mixture may be used to connect components and/or to produce a module. A method for producing the mixture is also provided.

(Problem) To provide an electrolyte film for fuel cells, capable of achieving both low resistance (film thinning) and high dimensional stability. (Solution) An electrolyte film for fuel cells, the electrolyte film comprising a polymeric electrolyte and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) porous film, characterized in that a material having an elastic modulus higher than that of the material constituting the PTFE porous film is composited on the inside surfaces of pores of the PTFE porous film, and the composited PTFE porous film has an elastic modulus of at least 150 MPa.

A method for separating an amount of osmium from a mixture containing the osmium and at least one other additional metal is provided. In particular, method for forming and trapping OsO.sub.4 to separate the osmium from a mixture containing the osmium and at least one other additional metal is provided.

A method for separating an amount of osmium from a mixture containing the osmium and at least one other additional metal is provided. In particular, method for forming and trapping OsO.sub.4 to separate the osmium from a mixture containing the osmium and at least one other additional metal is provided.

A heterojunction anode for electrolysis is disclosed. The anode has a first conductive metal oxide (FCMO) layer, a second semiconductor layer contacting the FCMO layer, and one or more islands of a third semiconductor contacting the second semiconductor layer. The FCMO layer may be formed on a metallic base, such as titanium. The FCMO layer may include iridium, the second semiconductor layer may include titanium oxide, and the third semiconductor may include tin oxide. The anode may be manufactured using spray pyrolysis to apply each semiconductor material. The anode may be configured such that when placed in an electrolyte at least a portion of the second semiconductor layer and the islands are in direct physical contact with the electrolyte. The second semiconductor interlayer and third semiconductor islands enhance the production of reactive chlorine in chlorinated water. A water treatment system and method using the anode are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a composition for forming conductive patterns and a resin structure having a conductive pattern, capable of forming a conductive micropattern on various polymer resin products or resin layers using a simplified process and exhibiting excellent heat dissipation characteristics. The composition for forming conductive patterns comprises: a polymer resin; a non-conductive metal compound represented by a specific chemical formula; and a heat-dissipating material, wherein a metal nucleus is formed from the non-conductive metal compound by the irradiation of electromagnetic waves.