The present invention relates to a food composition for improvement and prevention of estrogen deficiency, the composition containing a thistle extract or a thistle and thyme complex extract as an active ingredient. The present invention has advantages of alleviating estrogen deficiency in climacteric women and improving symptoms caused by estrogen deficiency, such as facial flushing, sweating, fatigue, anxiety, depression, memory impairment, insomnia, increased blood cholesterol, weight gain, and reduced bone density.

Gender specific synthetic nutritional compositions for infants 1 to 2 months of age or up to 1 month of age wherein, the concentration of lysine is adapted based on that found in HM produced for an infant of the same gender and age, and nutritional systems comprising them.

Compositions of foods, vitamin and mineral supplements, topical or oral drugs, and cosmetic products containing a small peptide or peptides for slowing degradation, for example by transition metals. The peptides are di, tri, terra-, and/or penta-peptides containing two or more aspartic acid residues. The degradation of several of the vitamin and other constituents vitamin-mineral supplements can be considerably slowed by composition incorporating such peptides, particularly if soluble (and thus bioavailable) forms of copper and/or iron are also present. The peptides can be hydrolyzed by the normal digestive process thus releasing bound metals. Multiple aspartate peptide(s) compositions with foods, topical or oral drugs, cosmetic, and hair care products can replace synthetic chelating preservative agents. Methods are also described to effectively slow degradation and preserve the above products using multiple aspartate peptides.

Compositions of foods, vitamin and mineral supplements, topical or oral drugs, and cosmetic products containing a small peptide or peptides for slowing degradation, for example by transition metals. The peptides are di, tri, terra-, and/or penta-peptides containing two or more aspartic acid residues. The degradation of several of the vitamin and other constituents vitamin-mineral supplements can be considerably slowed by composition incorporating such peptides, particularly if soluble (and thus bioavailable) forms of copper and/or iron are also present. The peptides can be hydrolyzed by the normal digestive process thus releasing bound metals. Multiple aspartate peptide(s) compositions with foods, topical or oral drugs, cosmetic, and hair care products can replace synthetic chelating preservative agents. Methods are also described to effectively slow degradation and preserve the above products using multiple aspartate peptides.

A highly caffeinated cocoa-based composition, comprising, a cocoa component comprising cocoa powder; a caffeinated component comprising caffeine, wherein the highly caffeinated cocoa-based composition comprises at least about 1% caffeine by weight; a fat component; a sweetening component, and a complexing component, wherein the complexing component is configured to reduce the bitterness of the caffeinated component, the cocoa component, or both.

A highly caffeinated cocoa-based composition, comprising, a cocoa component comprising cocoa powder; a caffeinated component comprising caffeine, wherein the highly caffeinated cocoa-based composition comprises at least about 1% caffeine by weight; a fat component; a sweetening component, and a complexing component, wherein the complexing component is configured to reduce the bitterness of the caffeinated component, the cocoa component, or both.

Disclosed herein are proteins capable of forming glucans having alpha-1,2 linkages/branches, reactions and methods for producing such glucan, compositions comprising such glucan, and various applications thereof.

Disclosed herein are proteins capable of forming glucans having alpha-1,2 linkages/branches, reactions and methods for producing such glucan, compositions comprising such glucan, and various applications thereof.

Gender specific synthetic nutritional compositions comprising lycopene in concentrations reflecting those found in human milk produced by mothers of infants of the corresponding gender at the corresponding stage of lactation, and nutritional systems comprising them.

Gender specific synthetic nutritional compositions comprising lycopene in concentrations reflecting those found in human milk produced by mothers of infants of the corresponding gender at the corresponding stage of lactation, and nutritional systems comprising them.