A water purifier may include: a filter filtering raw water to provide purified water; a discharge port through which the purified water is discharged outside; water pipes providing a flow space for the purified water to flow; a flow path module including a body part supporting the water pipes; and a tubing assembly detachably connected to the water pipes to selectively open and close at least a portion of the water pipes when connected thereto. The tubing assembly has one side connected to the filter and the other side connected to the flow path module, and the flow path module receives the purified water filtered by the filter through the tubing assembly. The flow path module may be placed above the tubing assembly, and disposed between the filter and the discharge port while overlapping at least a portion of the tubing assembly without overlapping the filter when viewed from above.

A method and a ventilation system includes ventilation ducts, a control system and at least one spray nozzle. The at least one spray nozzle is configured to spray a liquid mist onto at least one portion of an inner surface of the ventilation system. The liquid mist contains a culture of microorganisms adapted for biologically treating fat, oil and grease present on at least one portion of the inner surface of the ventilation system, thereby providing for partial biodegradation of the fat, oil and grease present on the at least one portion of the inner surfaces of the ventilation system.

A water purification cap for covering a water bottle. The cap includes a barrel, a shell, and a waterproof compartment. The shell surrounds at least a portion of the barrel and includes a charging site that is integral to the shell. The waterproof compartment is formed within the interior of the barrel. The waterproof compartment includes one or more walls formed at least in part from quartz crystal, one or more light emitting diodes fixed within the waterproof compartment. The light emitting diodes are proximal to one end of the barrel and are oriented to shine light through the quartz crystal. The sensor is configured to determine that the cap is in the installed position and supply a voltage to a circuit configured to deliver voltage to the LEDS.

A system and method for backwashing a sand filter in a wastewater treatment system. In one aspect, the invention can be a system for backwashing a sand filter comprising: a sand filter configured to remove solids from an untreated wastewater; a container storing chlorine fluidly coupled to the sand filter by a chlorine supply manifold; a flow control mechanism positioned on the chlorine supply manifold between the container and the sand filter, the flow control mechanism alterable between a first position whereby chlorine cannot flow from the container to the sand filter and a second position whereby chlorine flows from the container to the sand filter, the flow control mechanism being biased into the first position; and a processor operably coupled to the flow control mechanism and configured to automatically actuate the flow control mechanism into the second position upon detecting that the sand filter is being backwashed.

A method for making a customized beverages in a beverage maker is provided using a filtered water system for processing pressurized potable water. The filter system is monitored to allow for certification of a filter system performance for a claimed contaminant reduction up through 320 gallons of use while providing NSF/ANSI Standard 42 or NSF/ANSI Standard 53 health claims when operated at a flow rate of at least 0.50 gallons per minute (gpm).

A method for making a customized beverages in a beverage maker is provided using a filtered water system for processing pressurized potable water. The filter system is monitored to allow for certification of a filter system performance for a claimed contaminant reduction up through 320 gallons of use while providing NSF/ANSI Standard 42 or NSF/ANSI Standard 53 health claims when operated at a flow rate of no more than 0.50 gallons per minute (gpm).

A system for generating sterile water is provided, including: a liquid holding container having thereon a container outlet; a filtration device including therein a low-pressure-differential pathogen filtration portion, wherein the filtration device has a filtration inlet and a filtration outlet; and a gas tube; wherein the container outlet is connected to the filtration inlet; wherein the filtration inlet has a gas hole with one end connected to the gas hole and the other end having a buoy; wherein the sterile water is substantially pathogen-free.

A system and method for backwashing a sand filter in a wastewater treatment system. In one aspect, the invention can be a system for backwashing a sand filter comprising: a sand filter configured to remove solids from an untreated wastewater; a container storing chlorine fluidly coupled to the sand filter by a chlorine supply manifold; a flow control mechanism positioned on the chlorine supply manifold between the container and the sand filter, the flow control mechanism alterable between a first position whereby chlorine cannot flow from the container to the sand filter and a second position whereby chlorine flows from the container to the sand filter, the flow control mechanism being biased into the first position; and a processor operably coupled to the flow control mechanism and configured to automatically actuate the flow control mechanism into the second position upon detecting that the sand filter is being backwashed.

A method and apparatus for monitoring deposit formation in a process having an aqueous flow is provided. According to exemplary embodiments, a feed flow of an aqueous liquid is provided onto a receiving surface to be monitored. At least part of a receiving surface is illuminated with at least one light source. Visual data is collected across the receiving surface and analyzed. The quality and type of deposition attached to the receiving surface is classified based on information obtained from the analyzed visual data, and a quantitative scaling and/or fouling indication is computed based on the classification.

The present invention relates to a system and a method for abating the presence of a selected chemical substance in wastewater flowing in a wastewater channel system from an upstream position to a downstream position. The method typically comprising dosing into the wastewater, at the upstream position, chemical agent(s) adapted to abate the presence of said selected chemical substance, wherein the dosing is in an amount set by a dosing set-point, and adjusting the dosing set-point based on determinations of the concentration of the selected chemical substance at the downstream position. The invention involves comparison between a determined concentration and a pre-selected fractile and adjusting a dosing set-point based thereon.