An apparatus and to a method for treating layers using a plasma zone sealed from the outer atmospheric pressure are provided. The apparatus and method include a plasma reactor including a substrate carrier in form of a container receiving means, and a closing element that is joined with the substrate carrier by means of a lifting device.

Embodiments of a article including include a substrate and a patterned coating are provided. In one or more embodiments, when a strain is applied to the article, the article exhibits a failure strain of 0.5% or greater. Patterned coating may include a particulate coating or may include a discontinuous coating. The patterned coating of some embodiments may cover about 20% to about 75% of the surface area of the substrate. Methods for forming such articles are also provided.

A method for producing a coated and printed glass panel, includes providing a glass substrate having a metal-containing coating on at least one first surface and a polymeric protective layer arranged on this metal-containing coating, removing the temporary polymeric protective layer and the metal-containing coating only in a predetermined region, applying a ceramic ink in the predetermined region, wherein the removing is carried out with a laser and the polymeric protective layer and the metal-containing coating are intact outside the predetermined region after the removing.

A heat insulator includes a foamed glass body, and a hollow member that stores the foamed glass body in a hollow portion. The foamed glass body is composed of a silicate glass material containing R.sub.2O compounds and RO compounds. In a case that a value A is a weight ratio (%) of the R.sub.2O compounds in terms of oxides to the whole, and a value B is a weight ratio (%) of the RO compounds in terms of oxides to the whole, an absolute value of a value C obtained by an expression of value A−2.08×value B is 5.27 or less, or an absolute value of a value D obtained by an expression of value A−2.68×value B is 3.23 or less.

A heat insulator includes a foamed glass body, and a hollow member that stores the foamed glass body in a hollow portion. The foamed glass body is composed of a silicate glass material containing R.sub.2O compounds and RO compounds. In a case that a value A is a weight ratio (%) of the R.sub.2O compounds in terms of oxides to the whole, and a value B is a weight ratio (%) of the RO compounds in terms of oxides to the whole, an absolute value of a value C obtained by an expression of value A−2.08×value B is 5.27 or less, or an absolute value of a value D obtained by an expression of value A−2.68×value B is 3.23 or less.

The invention discloses a glass carrier having a protection structure, comprising a glass body and a protection layer. The glass body has a top surface, a bottom surface, and a lateral surface. The protection layer covers the lateral surface of the glass body. The protection layer is a hard material with a stiffness coefficient higher than a stiffness coefficient of the glass body. The invention further discloses a manufacturing method of a glass carrier having a protection structure, comprising the following steps: covering the protection layer around the lateral surface of the glass body, wherein the protection layer is the hard material with the stiffness coefficient higher than the stiffness coefficient of the glass body.

A glass member for a housing of an electronic device may include an aluminosilicate glass substrate defining a first surface of the glass member, the first surface having a first surface roughness, a fused composite coating bonded to a portion of the aluminosilicate glass substrate and defining a second surface of the glass member, the second surface having a second surface roughness greater than the first surface roughness, a first ion-exchanged layer extending into the glass member and through the fused composite coating, and a second ion-exchanged layer extending into the glass member from the first surface. The fused composite coating may include an amorphous glass matrix and a crystalline material dispersed in the amorphous glass matrix.

A glass member includes a recessed portion, wherein in cross-sectional view, an angle formed between a principal surface of the glass member and an edge face of an opening of the recessed portion is 90 degrees to 130 degrees.

Provided are gold-coated flat silver particles, a dispersion including the gold-coated flat silver particles and a dispersion medium, a method of the dispersion, a coating film including the gold-coated flat silver particles, and an antireflection optical member. The gold-coated flat silver particles include flat silver particles and a gold coating layer, in which an average thickness of the gold coating layer on principal planes of the particles is 0.1 nm to 2 nm, and a ratio of the average thickness of the gold coating layer on the principal planes of the particles to an average thickness of the gold coating layer on edge surfaces of the particles is 0.02 or higher.

A color panel having a customized color, a home appliance including the same, and a method of manufacturing the color panel. The color panel according to an embodiment includes a transparent substrate, a color layer, a transparent layer formed between the color layer and the transparent substrate to adhere the color layer to the transparent substrate, and a white layer formed on the color layer to provide a background color.