A method and a device for hermetically encapsulating components using at least one gas discharge lamp, an inorganic material that is transparent for light and a light-absorbing inorganic medium, are provided. With a suitable selection, inorganic materials or inorganic media guarantee a very low level of permeability for oxygen, water vapor and reactive gases in contrast to organic materials or organic media. The encapsulation occurs in a time period of less than one second. In addition, the average temperature of the component only increases slightly, such that even components with temperature-sensitive regions can be encapsulated.

An interlayer film for laminated glass includes a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer; and a second layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, wherein the second layer is laminated on a first surface of the first layer, wherein a concentration of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is different from a concentration of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer, and wherein at least one of the first layer, the second layer, or a portion of an interface between the first layer and the second layer contains a filler.

An interlayer film for laminated glass includes a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer; and a second layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, wherein the second layer is laminated on a first surface of the first layer, wherein a concentration of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is different from a concentration of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer, and wherein at least one of the first layer, the second layer, or a portion of an interface between the first layer and the second layer contains a filler.

An interlayer film for laminated glass having a one-layer structure or a two or more-layer structure includes a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, wherein the first layer further contains silica particles, and the ratio of a content of the silica particles in the first layer to a total content of the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer in the first layer is from 0.03 to 0.4.

An interlayer film for laminated glass having a one-layer structure or a two or more-layer structure includes a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, wherein the first layer further contains silica particles, and the ratio of a content of the silica particles in the first layer to a total content of the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer in the first layer is from 0.03 to 0.4.

A method and a device for encasing gemstones, such as diamonds, in glass. In order for their optical effects and appearance to be maximized, the gemstones are placed at a defined position and at a defined orientation. A suction cannula is provided for that purpose with an opening to fit the gemstone and to hold the gemstone by vacuum. Guide elements, such as spirals or meshes, are carried on the suction cannula so as to assure even distancing from the walls of the glass tube into which the gemstone is inserted.

A method and a device for encasing gemstones, such as diamonds, in glass. In order for their optical effects and appearance to be maximized, the gemstones are placed at a defined position and at a defined orientation. A suction cannula is provided for that purpose with an opening to fit the gemstone and to hold the gemstone by vacuum. Guide elements, such as spirals or meshes, are carried on the suction cannula so as to assure even distancing from the walls of the glass tube into which the gemstone is inserted.

An electronic device is provided which can be worn on the body or implanted into the body, such as in the form of a pulse watch and/or a smartwatch and/or an implant. The electronic device includes a photoplethysmographic measuring device. A transmitter diode and a receiver diode are arranged under a window made of glass or glass ceramics. The window is implemented as a compression glass seal and/or as a fiber-optic plate.

An electronic device is provided which can be worn on the body or implanted into the body, such as in the form of a pulse watch and/or a smartwatch and/or an implant. The electronic device includes a photoplethysmographic measuring device. A transmitter diode and a receiver diode are arranged under a window made of glass or glass ceramics. The window is implemented as a compression glass seal and/or as a fiber-optic plate.

A sealed structure which has high sealing capability and whose border can be slim is provided. The sealed structure includes a pair of substrates whose respective surfaces face each other with a space therebetween, and a glass layer which is in contact with the substrates, defines a space between the substrates, and has at least one corner portion and side portions in continuity with the corner portion. The width of the corner portion of the glass layer is smaller than or equal to that of the side portion of the same. The sealed structure may comprise a highly reliable light-emitting element including a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound provided between a pair of electrodes.