A glass cloth comprising a glass yarn woven together, the glass yarn comprising multiple glass filaments, wherein an amount of B.sub.2O.sub.3 in a composition of the glass filaments is 15% by mass to 30% by mass, an amount of SiO.sub.2 in the composition thereof is 45% by mass to 60% by mass, and an amount of P.sub.2O.sub.5 in the composition thereof is 2% by mass to 8% by mass, and loss on ignition (LOI) of the glass cloth is 0.90% by mass to 2.0% by mass.

The present invention relates to a process for producing insulating products based on mineral fibers, in particular on mineral wool, comprising providing a first binder composition containing (a) from 50% to 85% by weight of water, preferably from 70 to 82% of water (b) from 10% to 45% by weight, preferably 15 to 35% by weight of a saccharide component containing sucrose, (c) from 3% to 15% by weight, preferably from 5 to 12% by weight of one or more ammonium salts or primary amine salts of an acid, preparing a second binder composition comprising the dilution of the first aqueous binder composition with water to a solids content of between 3 and 7% by weight, applying the second binder composition to mineral fibers, forming an assembly of mineral fibers coated with the second binder composition, and heating the assembly of coated mineral fibers so as to form an assembly of mineral fibers bound by an insoluble binder,
said process being characterized in that the first aqueous binder composition has a pH of less than 5.5, in that the ammonium salt or primary amine salt is a salt of strong acid or a salt of an acid having a pKa of less than or equal to 2.2, and in that the first and second binder compositions are devoid of salts of weak acids having at least a pKa of between 2.5 and 6.9.

The invention relates to an aqueous binder composition for mineral fibers comprising at least one polyelectrolytic hydrocolloid.

The present invention relates to a method of providing thermal and/or acoustic insulation to a structure, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate which comprises fibres; applying the substrate to the structure; blending the substrate with a binder composition before, during or after application of the substrate to the structure; allowing curing of the binder composition after the substrate and the binder composition have been applied to the structure; wherein the binder composition comprises at least one hydrocolloid. The present invention also relates to an insulated structure obtainable by said method.

The invention relates to an aqueous binder composition for mineral fibers comprising at least one hydrocolloid.

Athermal glasses and athermal systems for infrared optical components and systems are disclosed.

An optical fiber includes an outer diameter less than 220 m, a glass fiber that includes a glass core and a glass cladding, a primary coating, and a secondary coating. The glass cladding surrounds and is in direct contact with the glass core. The primary coating surrounds and is in direct contact with the glass fiber. The primary coating can have a Young's modulus less than 0.5 MPa and a thickness less than 30.0 m. The secondary coating surrounds and is in direct contact with the primary coating. The secondary coating can have a thickness less than 27.5 m. A pullout force of the optical fiber can be less than a predetermined threshold when in an as-drawn state. The pullout force may increase by less than a factor of 2.0 upon aging the primary and secondary coatings on the glass fiber for at least 60 days.

A composition for producing a glass fiber, including the following components with corresponding percentage amounts by weight: 54.2-64% SiO.sub.2, 11-18% Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 20-25.5% CaO, 0.3-3.9% MgO, 0.1-2% of Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O, 0.1-1.5% TiO.sub.2, and 0.1-1% total iron oxides including ferrous oxide (calculated as FeO). The weight percentage ratio C1=FeO/(iron oxidesFeO) is greater than or equal to 0.53. The total content of the above components in the composition is greater than 97%. The invention also provides a glass fiber produced using the composition and a composite material including the glass fiber.

The invention pertains to the fields of chemistry and mechanical engineering and relates to glass fiber surfaces which are modified without sizing material and silane, which glass fiber surfaces can be further processed into and used as composite materials, for example as reinforcing fiber materials for plastics, and to a method for producing the modified glass fiber surfaces. The object of the present invention is to provide glass fiber surfaces modified without sizing materials and silane, which glass fiber surfaces exhibit improved properties overall and for a further processing into composite materials, and furthermore to provide a simple and cost-effective method for producing glass fiber surfaces modified in such a manner. The object is attained with glass fiber surfaces modified without sizing material and silane, which glass fiber surfaces are at least partially covered at least with a hydrolysis-stable and/or solvolysis-stable cationic polyelectrolyte and/or hydrolysis-stable and/or solvolysis-stable cationic polyelectrolyte mixture and/or with a hydrolysis-stable and/or solvolysis-stable polyelectrolyte complex and coupled to the glass fiber surface via a (polyelectrolyte) complex formation process by means of ionic bonding, with the polyelectrolyte complex A thereby being formed.

Glass compositions and glass fibers having low dielectric constants and low dissipation factors that may be suitable for use in electronic applications and articles are disclosed. The glass fibers and compositions of the present invention may include between 48.0 to 57.0 weight percent SiO.sub.2; between 15.0 and 26.0 weight percent B.sub.2O.sub.3; between 12.0 and 18.0 weight percent Al.sub.2O.sub.3; between greater than 3.0 and 8.0 weight percent P.sub.2O.sub.5; between greater than 0.25 and 7.00 weight percent CaO; 5.0 or less weight percent MgO; and 6.0 or less weight percent TiO.sub.2. Further, the glass composition has a glass viscosity of 1000 poise at a temperature greater than 1350 degrees Celsius and a liquidus temperature greater than 1100 degrees Celsius.