The present invention concerns a process for preparing a composite of porous material/compound/hybrid organic-inorganic material having a 2:1 lamellar structure, said hybrid material having the following general formula I:
Na.sub.x[(Mg.sub.3)(Al.sub.x(RSi).sub.4−x)O.sub.8+x(OH).sub.2]  (I)
wherein
x is a number such that 0≤x<1.2 and
R represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl group, an aryl group, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl)aryl group or an O—(C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl) group, it being possible for the alkyl group to be substituted with a group chosen from a phenyl, vinyl, aminopropyl or mercaptopropyl group,
and said compound being chosen from the group constituted of at least one active substance and at least one microorganism and mixtures thereof the process comprising:
a) the step of sol-gel synthesis of the hybrid organic-inorganic material having a 2:1 lamellar structure in the presence of the compound and of the porous material saturated with the compound;
b) the recovery of the composite. It also concerns a composite obtainable by means of this process, a composition comprising it and its use in particular for the fertilization of plants.

Systems, methods and apparatus for the thermal conversion of biomass into biochar. A mobile platform may be used to maneuver a mobile biochar generation system within a field of biomass. The biomass may be harvested, preprocessed and pyrolyzed. After pyrolyzation, the biochar may be cooled to a predetermined temperature by integrating water and liquid nutrients into the biochar. The system may then control the application of the infused biochar by adjusting a spreading attachment and a plowing attachment.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle sizc distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle sizc distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.

A preparation method of charcoal-based fertilizer is provided. Particularly, a special pig manure charcoal modified by amino grafting, a preparation method thereof, and its application in the reuse of nitrogen from farmland drainage are provided. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) drying raw pig manure to a moisture content of 80%-85% and carrying out pickling, drying, and crushing successively to obtain a dried pig manure powder; 2) conducting liquid nitrogen pretreatment and high-temperature charcoalization to obtain an expanded pig manure charcoal; 3) performing carboxylation treatment to obtain a carboxylated pig manure charcoal; 4) amino grafting: adding an ammonia liquor to the carboxylated pig manure charcoal obtained in step 3), stirring for 20-24 h in an oil bath at 200-240° C.; washing and filtering; and drying and grinding to obtain the special pig manure charcoal modified by amino grafting.

A preparation method of charcoal-based fertilizer is provided. Particularly, a special pig manure charcoal modified by amino grafting, a preparation method thereof, and its application in the reuse of nitrogen from farmland drainage are provided. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) drying raw pig manure to a moisture content of 80%-85% and carrying out pickling, drying, and crushing successively to obtain a dried pig manure powder; 2) conducting liquid nitrogen pretreatment and high-temperature charcoalization to obtain an expanded pig manure charcoal; 3) performing carboxylation treatment to obtain a carboxylated pig manure charcoal; 4) amino grafting: adding an ammonia liquor to the carboxylated pig manure charcoal obtained in step 3), stirring for 20-24 h in an oil bath at 200-240° C.; washing and filtering; and drying and grinding to obtain the special pig manure charcoal modified by amino grafting.

The present invention generally relates to non-aqueous solutions of plant growth regulator(s) and polar and/or semi-polar organic solvent(s), methods for making said non-aqueous solution, and methods for improving the growth and crop productivity of plants using said non-aqueous solution.

The present invention generally relates to non-aqueous solutions of plant growth regulator(s) and polar and/or semi-polar organic solvent(s), methods for making said non-aqueous solution, and methods for improving the growth and crop productivity of plants using said non-aqueous solution.

A lactam compound and a salt thereof, represented by general formulae (1) and (2):

##STR00001##

In the formulae, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different, and each represent a hydrogen atom, a protective group of a carboxyl group or a cation, and X.sup.− is a halogen ion, an organic acid ion, or an inorganic acid ion.

A lactam compound and a salt thereof, represented by general formulae (1) and (2):

##STR00001##

In the formulae, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different, and each represent a hydrogen atom, a protective group of a carboxyl group or a cation, and X.sup.− is a halogen ion, an organic acid ion, or an inorganic acid ion.