A method for oxidizing carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide is provided which utilizes specific supported catalyst particles. The supported catalyst comprises catalyst particles that are supported on particles of an electrically conductive support selected from the group consisting of graphitic carbon and a partially reduced oxide of a transition metal of the Magnli phase selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, and mixtures thereof.

The present application provides compositions that are provided within a semi-permeable membrane. The compositions can include a particulate material, such as a cellulose, a sugar alcohol, and nicotine. The composition can provide a fast onset of action of the nicotine in the mouth of a user. In particular, when subjected to an in vitro dissolution test using UV detection, about 30% or more of the total content of the nicotine is released from the composition within 30 minutes.

An inhalable composition comprising: nicotine or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or salt thereof; a propellant; a monohydric alcohol; and a glycol and/or glycol ether, characterized in that the ratio of monohydric alcohol:glycol or glycol ether by weight is from 6:1 to 1:1.

An inhalable composition comprising: nicotine or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or salt thereof; a propellant; a monohydric alcohol; and a glycol and/or glycol ether, characterized in that the ratio of monohydric alcohol:glycol or glycol ether by weight is from 6:1 to 1:1.

A smokeless tobacco product is provided that includes a tobacco material in the form of a tobacco extract, a particulate tobacco material, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the smokeless tobacco product is substantially translucent. Methods for making and using the smokeless tobacco product are also provided. The smokeless tobacco product can include isomalt, maltitol syrup, particulate tobacco, and a translucent tobacco extract prepared by ultrafiltration.

A container containing a powder system including a first plurality of particles having a particle size of about 10 micrometers or less, and a second plurality of particles having a particle size of about 20 micrometers or greater, and a single aperture extending through the container. A system including an inhaler article and the container is disclosed also.

The present invention provides a method for modulating the alkaloid content of a plant (e.g. a tobacco plant), the method comprising modifying said plant by modulating the activity or expression of a homeodomain-like, Myb domain protein. The present invention also provides for the use of a homeodomain-like, Myb domain protein for modulating the alkaloid content of a plant, as well as tobacco cells, plants, plant propagation materials, harvested leaves, processed tobaccos, or tobacco products obtainable in accordance with the invention.

The present invention provides a method for modulating the alkaloid content of a plant (e.g. a tobacco plant), the method comprising modifying said plant by modulating the activity or expression of a homeodomain-like, Myb domain protein. The present invention also provides for the use of a homeodomain-like, Myb domain protein for modulating the alkaloid content of a plant, as well as tobacco cells, plants, plant propagation materials, harvested leaves, processed tobaccos, or tobacco products obtainable in accordance with the invention.

Compositions which are fragrant and contain at least a member set culled from a library of compositions, each being comprised of sub-combinations of selected terpenes. Fragrances that mimic that of various states of organic and synthetic aromatics including products, processes and those from non-combusted plant products, among other things, uniquitous products, processes, medicinals, and related moieties leverage databases of all known terpene groupings are offered for consideration, and have been provided, according to the instant teachings.

Compositions which are fragrant and contain at least a member set culled from a library of compositions, each being comprised of sub-combinations of selected terpenes. Fragrances that mimic that of various states of organic and synthetic aromatics including products, processes and those from non-combusted plant products, among other things, uniquitous products, processes, medicinals, and related moieties leverage databases of all known terpene groupings are offered for consideration, and have been provided, according to the instant teachings.