The invention provides for methods, devices, and systems for pyrolyzing biomass. A pyrolysis unit can be used for the pyrolysis of biomass to form gas, liquid, and solid products. The biomass materials can be selected such that an enhanced biochar is formed after pyrolysis. The biomass can be pyrolyzed under specified conditions such that a selected biochar core is formed. The pyrolysis process can form a stable biochar core that is inert and/or resistant to degradation. The biochar or biochar core can be functionalized to form a functionalized biochar or functionalized biochar core. Functionalized can include post-pyrolysis treatments such as supplementation with microbes or physical transformations including annealing and/or activation.

A method for enhancing or reducing photosynthetic activity, wherein non-toxic, pigmented matter is applied to a photosynthetic organism. Depending on the composition of the pigmented matter, the method will have the effect of enhancing, reducing, or inhibiting photosynthetic activity.

A method for enhancing or reducing photosynthetic activity, wherein non-toxic, pigmented matter is applied to a photosynthetic organism. Depending on the composition of the pigmented matter, the method will have the effect of enhancing, reducing, or inhibiting photosynthetic activity.

Disclosed are compositions comprising chitosan, glucosamine and amino acids, where the concentration of chitosan is greater than 1.5 wt % and glucosamine is greater than 1.5 wt %. In preferred embodiments the concentration of chitosan is from 2 to 2.5 wt % and glucosamine is 2 to 6 wt %. The composition can also include solid chitin. The composition can also include trace elements, protein and other polysaccharides. The composition is generally a liquid but may be a solid. In most embodiments, the solid can be reconstituted with water prior to use. In preferred embodiments, the composition comprises HYTd and at least one of, HYTa, HYTb and HYTc. In other embodiments the composition comprises HYTd and two or more of, HYTa, HYTb and HYTc. The composition can also comprise HYTd, HYTa, HYTb and HYTc. In the disclosed processes soil, seed, seedling or plant foliage are contacted with HYTd or any of the above compositions.

A method employing a composition of bioavailable minerals directed at supplementing nutritional intake of a living plant. The composition includes the ionic mineral(s) copper and zinc in a ligand complex and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including water, H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4. The composition for use in the method may also include other supporting plant nutrients such as botanical extracts, urea, plant hormones, vitamins and mineral supplements necessary for plant health.

A method employing a composition of bioavailable minerals directed at supplementing nutritional intake of a living plant. The composition includes the ionic mineral(s) copper and zinc in a ligand complex and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including water, H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4. The composition for use in the method may also include other supporting plant nutrients such as botanical extracts, urea, plant hormones, vitamins and mineral supplements necessary for plant health.

The invention relates to a method for producing sulphate of potash granulates, wherein 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of a sodium salt selected from among sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium sulphate hydrates, sodium hydroxide and mixtures thereof are added to the sulphate of potash during the granulation process, the percentage by weight being in relation to the sulphate of potash used. In addition, 0.1 to 2.5 wt % of water are added prior to or during the granulation process. The invention also relates to the granulates obtained by said method as well as the use of sodium salts and glaserite and mixtures thereof for improving the mechanical properties of sulfate of potash granulates. The sulphate of potash granulates produced by the method of the invention have significantly greater bursting strength and significantly greater abrasion resistance than granulates known from the prior art.

A foliar product for use in agriculture and horticulture comprising heterocyclic nitrogen source, chelating agent and metal salts. The heterocyclic nitrogen source is Hexamine. The chelating agent is disodium salt of Hydroxy Ethylidene Di Phosphonic Acid (Na2HEDP). The metal salts are chelated using the chelating agent Na2HEDP. The foliar product provides complete raw material requirement, which enables plants to synthesize various products. Further, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the foliar product. Advantageously, the present invention eliminates undesirable side effects in plants and helps plants survive environmental or biological stress conditions.

Fertilizer compositions are provided, where a fertilizer composition includes: an inner portion including a nitrogen containing material; and an outer portion covering the inner portion, the outer portion including a release agent (e.g. HTC, BR).

A soil enhancement fertilizer composition that is delivered in a water-soluble pouch. The pouch contains specially composted and pulverized camelid manure, Mycorrhizal fungi , and yucca powder. The pouch is dissolved in water and stirred to release its contents and then the solution is poured on the soil and/or applied to the leaves of both indoor or outdoor container plants.