Provided herein are agricultural compositions, kits, and methods for improving crop productivity and enhancing plant phenotypes. Generally, the compositions and kits comprise an osmoprotectant and one or both of an anti-desiccant and an anti-respirant. Additional compositions and kits are provided that comprise an anti-dessicant and an anti-respirant. Further compositions and kits are provided that comprise a first osmoprotectant and a second osmoprotectant, the first and second osmoprotectants being different from one another. The methods provided herein generally comprise exogenously applying the agricultural composition to a plant.

Provided herein are agricultural compositions, kits, and methods for improving crop productivity and enhancing plant phenotypes. Generally, the compositions and kits comprise an osmoprotectant and one or both of an anti-desiccant and an anti-respirant. Additional compositions and kits are provided that comprise an anti-dessicant and an anti-respirant. Further compositions and kits are provided that comprise a first osmoprotectant and a second osmoprotectant, the first and second osmoprotectants being different from one another. The methods provided herein generally comprise exogenously applying the agricultural composition to a plant.

The present invention is a plant growth promoter, containing: a lignocellulosic biomass (A); and at least one base (B) selected from the following (B1) to (B3), wherein the plant growth promoter has a contact angle with water of 80° or less, <Base (B)> (B1) a resin acid, (B2) a compound represented by formula (1),
R.sup.1—Z.sup.1—Z.sup.2  (1) wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group with 9 or more carbons, Z.sup.1 represents a single bond or (OR.sup.2).sub.p, R.sup.2 represents an alkanediyl group with 2 or more and 3 or less carbons, p represents a number that is on average more than 0 and 30 or less, Z.sup.2 represents a group selected from a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfate group, and NR.sup.3R.sup.4, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or (R.sup.5O).sub.qH, R.sup.5 represents an alkanediyl group with 2 or more and 3 or less carbons, and q represents a number that is on average more than 0 and 15 or less, and (B3) a polyhydric alcohol or a polycarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 30,000 or less.

The present invention is a plant growth promoter, containing: a lignocellulosic biomass (A); and at least one base (B) selected from the following (B1) to (B3), wherein the plant growth promoter has a contact angle with water of 80° or less, <Base (B)> (B1) a resin acid, (B2) a compound represented by formula (1),
R.sup.1—Z.sup.1—Z.sup.2  (1) wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group with 9 or more carbons, Z.sup.1 represents a single bond or (OR.sup.2).sub.p, R.sup.2 represents an alkanediyl group with 2 or more and 3 or less carbons, p represents a number that is on average more than 0 and 30 or less, Z.sup.2 represents a group selected from a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfate group, and NR.sup.3R.sup.4, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or (R.sup.5O).sub.qH, R.sup.5 represents an alkanediyl group with 2 or more and 3 or less carbons, and q represents a number that is on average more than 0 and 15 or less, and (B3) a polyhydric alcohol or a polycarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 30,000 or less.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for compositions including polymer particles, methods of making compositions, methods of using the composition, stimuli-responsive methods of delivering agents, and the like.

A process for producing coated urea-containing fertilizer particles, comprising the following steps: A) forming at least one polyurea layer on the uncoated urea-containing fertilizer, and then B) forming at least one polyurethane layer on the at least one polyurea layer on the urea-containing fertilizer.

The present invention provides a method for efficiently obtaining a fertilizer containing polysaccharide hydrolysates and nutrients such as calcium, phosphoric acid, and nitrogen. The present invention is a method for manufacturing a fertilizer, characterized by comprising: a hydrolysis step for obtaining a mixture including polysaccharide hydrolysates through hydrolysis of polysaccharides using an acid catalyst; and a neutralizing step after the hydrolysis step for adding at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of potassium salt, phosphate, ammonium salt, and ammonia.

The present invention provides a method for efficiently obtaining a fertilizer containing polysaccharide hydrolysates and nutrients such as calcium, phosphoric acid, and nitrogen. The present invention is a method for manufacturing a fertilizer, characterized by comprising: a hydrolysis step for obtaining a mixture including polysaccharide hydrolysates through hydrolysis of polysaccharides using an acid catalyst; and a neutralizing step after the hydrolysis step for adding at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of potassium salt, phosphate, ammonium salt, and ammonia.

The invention relates to a microbial delivery system where biochar acts as a carrier for microbes.

The invention relates to a microbial delivery system where biochar acts as a carrier for microbes.