Monopropellants comprising nonstoichiometric ratios of 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine cation (HEH+) and nitrate anion and water have improved thermal stability and fluid characteristics compared to nonstoichiometric ratios of HEH+ and nitrate anion without water. These monopropellants are useful for gas generators and rocket motors.

A hydrogen fuel including a safety marker and a method and apparatus for adding the safety marker to the hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel may be stored in a tank in a liquid phase and then heated to at least one of a gaseous phase and a supercritical phase. The safety marker may be added to the hydrogen fuel when the hydrogen fuel is in the at least one of the gaseous phase and the supercritical phase after heating the hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel may be delivered in the at least one of the gaseous phase and the supercritical phase to a power generator, such as a gas turbine engine. The safety marker may be a visual safety marker, such as a noble gas, or an odorant.

A hydrogen fuel including a safety marker and a method and apparatus for adding the safety marker to the hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel may be stored in a tank in a liquid phase and then heated to at least one of a gaseous phase and a supercritical phase. The safety marker may be added to the hydrogen fuel when the hydrogen fuel is in the at least one of the gaseous phase and the supercritical phase after heating the hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel may be delivered in the at least one of the gaseous phase and the supercritical phase to a power generator, such as a gas turbine engine. The safety marker may be a visual safety marker, such as a noble gas, or an odorant.

A nanoparticle of a decomposition product of a transition metal aluminum hydride compound, a transition metal borohydride compound, or a transition metal gallium hydride compound. A process of: reacting a transition metal salt with an aluminum hydride compound, a borohydride compound, or a gallium hydride compound to produce one or more of the nanoparticles. The reaction occurs in solution while being sonicated at a temperature at which the metal hydride compound decomposes. A process of: reacting a nanoparticle with a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups to form a coating having multi-dentate metal-alkoxides.

A nanoparticle of a decomposition product of a transition metal aluminum hydride compound, a transition metal borohydride compound, or a transition metal gallium hydride compound. A process of: reacting a transition metal salt with an aluminum hydride compound, a borohydride compound, or a gallium hydride compound to produce one or more of the nanoparticles. The reaction occurs in solution while being sonicated at a temperature at which the metal hydride compound decomposes. A process of: reacting a nanoparticle with a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups to form a coating having multi-dentate metal-alkoxides.

This invention relates to a thermal hydrogen generator and a process and system for generating hydrogen gas, more specifically to a process and system for generating hydrogen gas by thermally decomposing a metal hydride.

This invention relates to a thermal hydrogen generator and a process and system for generating hydrogen gas, more specifically to a process and system for generating hydrogen gas by thermally decomposing a metal hydride.

An improved ignition and/or booster composition contains a boron-containing constituent such as boron carbide or a metal boride, and, an oxidizer such as potassium perchlorate. A gas generator and a vehicle occupant protection system containing the composition are also included.

An improved ignition and/or booster composition contains a boron-containing constituent such as boron carbide or a metal boride, and, an oxidizer such as potassium perchlorate. A gas generator and a vehicle occupant protection system containing the composition are also included.

Provided herein are VIS-IR powders comprising tin which show significantly higher visual intensity, reduced reaction temperature and particle temperature during and after oxidation reaction in air, and improved resistance to clumping when compared to comparable powders without tin. Methods of preparation of said VIS-IR powders are also disclosed.