Chiral acetyl-protected aminoethyl quinoline (APAQ), pyridine and imazoline ligands are disclosed that enable Pd (II)-catalyzed enantioselective arylation or heteroarylation of ubiquitous prochiral -methylene CH bonds of aliphatic amides offers an alternative disconnection for constructing -chiral centers. Systematic tuning of the ligand structure reveals that a six-membered instead of a five-membered chelation of these types of ligands with the Pd(II) is important for accelerating the C(sp.sup.3)-H activation thereby achieving enantioselectivity for quinoline and pyridine ligands.

Chiral acetyl-protected aminoethyl quinoline (APAQ), pyridine and imazoline ligands are disclosed that enable Pd (II)-catalyzed enantioselective arylation or heteroarylation of ubiquitous prochiral -methylene CH bonds of aliphatic amides offers an alternative disconnection for constructing -chiral centers. Systematic tuning of the ligand structure reveals that a six-membered instead of a five-membered chelation of these types of ligands with the Pd(II) is important for accelerating the C(sp.sup.3)-H activation thereby achieving enantioselectivity for quinoline and pyridine ligands.

This invention provides enantioenriched Mannich adducts with quaternary stereogenic centers and novel methods of preparing the compounds. Methods include the method for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
comprising treating a compound of formula (II): ##STR00002##
with a transition metal catalyst under alkylation conditions.

This invention provides enantioenriched Mannich adducts with quaternary stereogenic centers and novel methods of preparing the compounds. Methods include the method for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
comprising treating a compound of formula (II): ##STR00002##
with a transition metal catalyst under alkylation conditions.

This disclosure relates to picolinamides of Formula I and their use as fungicides.

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to picolinamides of Formula I and their use as fungicides.

##STR00001##

A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R.sup.2 may exist, and each of R.sup.2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R.sup.3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R.sup.4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

##STR00001##

A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R.sup.2 may exist, and each of R.sup.2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R.sup.3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R.sup.4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound of 5 or 5*, or a mixture thereof, that is useful as an antifungal agent. In particular, the invention seeks to provide new methodology for preparing compounds 7, 7* and 11, 11* and substituted derivatives thereof.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound of 5 or 5*, or a mixture thereof, that is useful as an antifungal agent. In particular, the invention seeks to provide new methodology for preparing compounds 7, 7* and 11, 11* and substituted derivatives thereof.