The present invention is directed to novel neuro-attentuating norketamine (NANKET) compounds according to any one of formulas (I-shown below), (I-A) and (I-B)), or any of the compounds described in Tables A-D, or in any of the Examples provided herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, novel pharmaceutical formulations and novel methods of uses thereof. The present invention also features novel oral neuro-attenuating ketamine (NAKET) and neuro-attenuating norketamine (NANKET) modified-release pharmaceutical formulations, and novel methods of administration thereof, which ensure the steady release of a therapeutically effective amount of ketamine, norketamine, or derivatives thereof from the oral modified-release pharmaceutical formulations without neurologically toxic spikes in plasma concentration of the ketamine, norketamine, or derivatives during the release periods.

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Disclosed herein are methods for the fluorination aromatic N-heterocyclic N-oxides that comprise at least one leaving group. The N-oxides may be reduced to the fluorinated aromatic N-heterocyclic amine analogs. This novel fluorination approach may be successfully applied for synthesizing aromatic N-heterocyclic compounds labeled with .sup.18F.

The present invention concerns deuterated catecholamine derivatives as well as pharmaceuticals containing these compounds. In addition, the invention concerns the use of deuterated catecholamine derivatives as well as physiologically compatible salts thereof, and also pharmaceutical compositions, which contain these compounds, also in combination with enzyme inhibitors, for the treatment of dopamine deficiency diseases or diseases which are based on disrupted tyrosine transport or disrupted tyrosine decarboxylase, as well as other disorders.

This invention relates to novel substituted styryl benzylsulfones that are multikinase inhibitors and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. The invention also provides compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating diseases and conditions beneficially treated by an agent that inhibits kinases, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) and polo-like kinase (PLK-1).

The present invention relates to a method for purification of 18F-labeled choline analogs in a solution injectable to a patient, prepared using non-gaseous synthesis paths, comprising a step of solid phase extraction (SPE) purification using a solid support, wherein the solid support used in the solid phase extraction purification has the characteristic to retain impurities and reagents from the solution but not the 18F-labeled choline analogs.

The present invention relates to a method for purification of 18F-labeled choline analogs in a solution injectable to a patient, prepared using non-gaseous synthesis paths, comprising a step of solid phase extraction (SPE) purification using a solid support, wherein the solid support used in the solid phase extraction purification has the characteristic to retain impurities and reagents from the solution but not the 18F-labeled choline analogs.

This invention relates to lysine isotopologues of Formulas I and 1-A, as described herein, and processes for synthesizing the same and derivatives and intermediates involved therein. In one aspect, described herein is a chemical compound comprising an isotopically labeled analog, i.e., an isotopologue of a standard or naturally occurring lysine. The lysine isotopologue is synthetically formed to have stable isotopes of elements incorporated at selected positions. As such, the lysine isotopologue has a molecular mass different from the mass of a standard or naturally occurring lysine.

Prosthetic compounds are disclosed that are effective for radiolabeling biomolecules with 18F. Representative biomolecules include antibodies (e.g., monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and nanobodies (sdAbs)), antibody fragments, and peptides that may have an affinity for particular types of cells, such as cancer cells. The prosthetic compounds effectively address the art-recognized difficulties associated with the retention of radioactivity within the targeted cells, due to internalization of the biomolecule, followed by proteolytic degradation. Representative prosthetic compounds include (i) a succinimidyloxycarbonyl moiety, (ii) a radioactive moiety bearing 18F, and (iii) a charged moiety, i.e., a moiety that is charged under the physiological conditions of the internal cell environment.

Some aspects of the invention provide for essential fatty acids which are substituted in specific positions to slow down oxidative damage by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and to suppress the rate of consequent formation of reactive products, for the purpose of preventing or reducing the damage associated with oxidative stress associated diseases such as neurological diseases and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

The present specification relates to a method for analyzing deuterated benzene by gas chromatography, and preparing a deuterated compound using deuterated benzene selected based on the analyzed data.