A method is provided to purify [F-18]FEONM under a high pressure. The synthesis processes of [F-18]FEONM are integrated. An isolation process of non-toxic radio-high performance liquid chromatography (radio-HPLC) is used to purify the crude product. The method integrates a convention [F-18]FDG synthesizer and a novel radio-HPLC system together in a heat chamber. After radiofluorinating the precursor, the reaction product is purified with an alumina solid-phase column in advance to obtain the crude product while fluorine-18 is removed. Then, diphenyl semipreparative HPLC column is used for a final purification. A non-toxic solvent is used for mobile-phase eluting to remove the unreacted precursor and the phase-transfer solvent. The radiofluorination has a reaction yield about 50 percent (%). The method has an uncorrected radiochemical yield of 10˜20%. Both of the radio-HPLC and the radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC) have radiochemical purity higher than 95%.

This invention relates to compounds of Formula I:

##STR00001##

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. This invention also provides compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating diseases and conditions that are beneficially treated by administering a CFTR potentiator.

Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

There are disclosed compounds that modulate or inhibit the enzymatic activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds and methods of treating proliferative disorders, such as cancer, viral infections and/or autoimmune diseases utilizing the compounds of the invention.

The present invention provides positron emitter radiolabeled versions of PABA, metabolites and derivatives, with good radiochemical yield, high specific activity, high chemical and radiochemical purity and having excellent characteristics for PET imaging. The inventive composition and methods provide high quality dynamic images of the kidneys while reducing the radiation exposure. The short biological half-life of PABA, added to the short physical half-life of positron emitters such as .sup.11C will also benefit patients that require multiple renography assessments in a short period of time.

The objective of the present invention is to provide: a compound capable of ensuring high light-emitting efficiency and low driving voltage of an element, and increasing the lifespan thereof; an organic electrical element using compound; and an electronic device comprising the same.

This invention relates to novel derivatives of 4-hydroxybutyric acid and prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the foregoing. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating narcolepsy, fibromyalgia, other disorders or conditions that are beneficially treated by improving nocturnal sleep or by administering sodium oxybate.

The present application provides compositions and methods for preparing and using “heavy” nucleotide derivatives of thymidine or uridine by replacing the oxygen atom attached to one or more of positions with non-radioactive oxygen-18 (.sup.18O), administering it to a subject to target a tumor including incorporation into tumor cell DNA, and then treating the tumor with proton beam therapy to transmutate the .sup.18O to .sup.18F, resulting in a break of the new fluorine-phosphorous bond. This chemical event destabilizes ribose-phosphate DNA back-bone and base pairing thus produce single- and double strand breaks, clusters lesions that can lead to irreparable DNA damage and enhanced tumor cell killing. The atomic, chemical, and physical aspects result in the use of lower radiation doses and significantly alter acute and late morbidity of radiotherapy. Heavy thymidine and heavy uridine derivatives labeled with .sup.18O have been made and tested.

The application is drawn to .sup.18F-radiolabeled residualizing agents and biomolecules and methods for radiolabeling biomolecules with radioactive fluorine atoms. The biomolecules have an affinity for particular types of cells and may specifically bind a certain cell, such as a cancer cell. Relevant biomolecules include antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments, peptides, other proteins, nanoparticles and aptamers. The application further provides compositions including such labeled biomolecules, as well as methods of using the labeled biomolecules and/or compositions in imaging applications.

Provided herein are crystalline forms of deuterium-enriched (R)-pioglitazone and compositions thereof. Also provided herein are methods of using the crystalline forms of deuterium-enriched (R)-pioglitazone and compositions thereof.