This disclosure relates to new crystalline microporous solids (including silicate- and aluminosilicate-based solids), the compositions comprising 8 and 10 membered inorganic rings, particularly those having HEU topologies having a range of Si:Al ratios, methods of preparing these and known crystalline microporous solids using certain quaternized imidazolium cation structuring agents.

This application provides an apparatus for making a hydrocarbon with a reduced amount of an organic halide, comprising: a. a process unit comprising an effluent port, that produces and discharges the hydrocarbon comprising the organic halide; and b. a halide removal vessel with an inlet that feeds the hydrocarbon from the process unit, wherein the halide removal vessel comprises an anhydrous metal chloride and in which the hydrocarbon comprising the organic halide is contacted with the anhydrous metal chloride under anhydrous conditions to produce a contacted hydrocarbon having from 50-100 wt % of a total halide in the hydrocarbon removed.

The invention relates to a hydrocarbon conversion process and a reactor configured to carry out the hydrocarbon conversion process. The hydrocarbon conversion process is directed to increasing the overall equilibrium production of ethylene from typical pyrolysis reactions. The hydrocarbon conversion process can be carried out by exposing a hydrocarbon feed to a peak pyrolysis gas temperature in a reaction zone in the range of from 850 C. to 1200 C.

A method for producing propylene, the method contains: producing a silica composite by preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product; wherein the method contains the step of bringing a solution of phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite, a source of the phosphorus is phosphate, and the zeolite is of MFI type and has a SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ratio (by mol) of 20 or more; and bringing the silica composite into contact with a hydrocarbon source containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl ether in the presence of steam.

A method for producing propylene, the method contains: producing a silica composite by preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product; wherein the method contains the step of bringing a solution of phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite, a source of the phosphorus is phosphate, and the zeolite is of MFI type and has a SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ratio (by mol) of 20 or more; and bringing the silica composite into contact with a hydrocarbon source containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl ether in the presence of steam.

A method for producing propylene, the method contains: producing a silica composite by preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product; wherein the method contains the step of bringing a solution of phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite, a source of the phosphorus is phosphate, and the zeolite is of MFI type and has a SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ratio (by mol) of 20 or more; and bringing the silica composite into contact with a hydrocarbon source containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl ether in the presence of steam.

Techniques, systems and material are disclosed for transport of energy and/or materials. In one aspect, a method includes generating gaseous fuel (e.g., from biomass dissociation) at a first location of a low elevation. The gaseous fuel can be self-transported in a pipeline to a second location at a higher elevation than the first location by traveling from the first location to the second location without adding energy of pressure. A liquid fuel can be generated at the second location of higher elevation by reacting the gaseous fuel with at least one of a carbon donor, a nitrogen donor, and an oxygen donor harvested from industrial waste. The liquid fuel can be delivered to a third location of a lower elevation than the second location while providing pressure or kinetic energy.

Techniques, systems and material are disclosed for transport of energy and/or materials. In one aspect, a method includes generating gaseous fuel (e.g., from biomass dissociation) at a first location of a low elevation. The gaseous fuel can be self-transported in a pipeline to a second location at a higher elevation than the first location by traveling from the first location to the second location without adding energy of pressure. A liquid fuel can be generated at the second location of higher elevation by reacting the gaseous fuel with at least one of a carbon donor, a nitrogen donor, and an oxygen donor harvested from industrial waste. The liquid fuel can be delivered to a third location of a lower elevation than the second location while providing pressure or kinetic energy.

A process for inhibiting the polymerization of cyclopentadiene compounds (B) by contacting the cyclopentadiene compound with a quinone methide compound (A) of structure (I), ##STR00001##
Compositions (AB) comprising (A) and (B) are also provided.

The present invention provides a zeolite-containing catalyst having excellent shape, fluidity and mechanical strength as a catalyst for a fluidized bed reaction. The present invention provides a zeolite-containing catalyst which is a particulate catalyst containing zeolite and silica, wherein the catalyst has an average particle diameter of 20 to 300 m and the ratio of the void area in the cross-section of the particle is 30% or less relative to the cross-section area of the particle.