The invention relates to DMC catalysts comprising polyether siloxanes, to processes for preparation thereof, to the use thereof, and to the DMC catalysts obtainable by the processes according to the invention.

Low molecular weight polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols having a hydroxyl content of from about 3.4 to about 12.1% by weight, and OH numbers of from about 112 to about 400 are produced by a continuous process using a DMC catalyst. In the process of the present invention, oxyalkylation conditions are established in a continuous reactor in the presence of a DMC catalyst; alkylene oxide and a low molecular weight starter are continuously introduced into the continuous reactor; a partially oxyalkylated polyether polyol is recovered from the reactor; and the recovered partially oxyalkylated polyether polyol is allowed to further reactor until the unreacted alkylene oxide content of the mixture is reduced to 0.001% or less by weight. The alkoxylation of the present invention must be carried out a pressure sufficiently high to prevent deactivation of the DMC catalyst. Pressures of from 45 to 55 psia are preferred.

Long chain ether compositions may comprise at least one long chain ether of general Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from C.sub.5-C.sub.21 linear or branched alkyl and C.sub.5-C.sub.21 linear or branched alkenyl, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different, and R is selected from linear or branched alkyl having up to 52 carbon atoms and linear or branched alkenyl having up to 52 carbon atoms. In an embodiment, long chain ether compositions of matter such as those disclosed herein may find applications as lubricants.

A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula
R.sub.1OR.sub.2
wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or polyaryl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, alkyl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms. The composition has a viscosity (Kv.sub.100) from about 1 to about 10 cSt at 100 C. as determined by ASTM D-445, a viscosity index (VI) from about 100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 50 percent as determined by ASTM D-5800. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method of reducing boundary friction and improving dispersancy of polar additives of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.

A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula
R.sub.1OR.sub.2
wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or polyaryl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is the residue of a substituted or unsubstituted glycol ether having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms. The composition has a viscosity (Kv.sub.100) from about 1 to about 10 cSt at 100 C. as determined by ASTM D-445, a viscosity index (VI) from about 100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 50 percent as determined by ASTM D-5800. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method for improving one or more of oxidative stability, solubility and dispersancy of polar additives of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.

The present invention relates in essence to use of a compound, which decreases or inhibits the binding of mammalian T-cells to mammalian endothelial cells for use in a method of prophylaxis and/or amelioration and/or treatment of clinical adverse events caused by a therapy which comprises re-directing of T-cells against target cells in a patient. Such a therapy includes, but is not limited to, treatment with an antibody comprising a CD3 binding domain, such as a CD20CD3 or a CD19CD3 bispecific single chain antibody, e.g., blinatumomab (MT-103). Methods of treatment of patients having or being at risk of clinical adverse events caused by therapy which comprises re-directing of T-cells against target cells are also contemplated, as are methods of identifying a compound for administration in the methods of prophylaxis, amelioration and/or treatment. Such anti-adhesive type compounds include, but are not limited to, antibodies, like natalizumab, efalizumab, and etrolizumab; minocycline, (acetyl-)salicyclic acid, astilbin, and flavonoids; and thrombin and pentosanpolysulfate (PPS), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present disclosure relates to a recycling method for producing dimethyl carbonate. The process is unique in that it produces a by-product that can be re-used in the process as a raw material for repeating the process. For example, when the process is directed to synthesizing dimethyl carbonate, glycerol is used as a starting material. Glycerol is also a by-product produced during formation of dimethyl carbonate, and therefore it can be re-used as starting material to generate more dimethyl carbonate.

A unique design for a mobile system that reforms flare gas or natural gas, using air without steam, to directly produce dimethyl ether (DME), a diesel substitute, is disclosed. The system first reforms the air-methane mixture at ambient atmospheric pressures, and then compresses the resulting CO-hydrogen-nitrogen gas mixture to up to 600 psi, and feeds it through a combined reactor which reacts the gas mixture directly into dimethyl ether. The nitrogen is returned by the system back to the atmosphere. DME is an excellent diesel fuel, and can be used to displace significantly costlier and dirtier petroleum-based diesel fuel, while solving a critical problem with flaring. For example, the over 120 billion cubic feet per year that is currently flared in North Dakota could be converted into over 3 million tons of DME.