The present disclosure, among other things, provides technologies for synthesis, including reagents and methods for stereoselective synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds useful as chiral auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for oligonucleotide synthesis. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides reagents and methods for chirally controlled preparation of oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, technologies of the present disclosure are particularly useful for constructing challenging internucleotidic linkages, providing high yields and stereoselectivity.

The invention relates to a hydrogel product comprising glycosaminoglycan molecules as the swellable polymer, wherein the glycosaminoglycan molecules are covalently crosslinked via crosslinks comprising a spacer group selected from the group consisting of di-, tri-, tetra-, and oligosaccharides.

The invention relates to a hydrogel product comprising glycosaminoglycan molecules as the swellable polymer, wherein the glycosaminoglycan molecules are covalently crosslinked via crosslinks comprising a spacer group selected from the group consisting of di-, tri-, tetra-, and oligosaccharides.

A method of preparing a 2,6 disubstituted anilines includes, reacting a 2-amino isophthalic acid diester with sufficient Grignard reagent R.sub.2CH.sub.2MgX to form the corresponding diol product, dehydrating the diol product to the corresponding dialkene; and hydrogenating the diol product to form the corresponding aniline. The 2,6 disubstituted anilines can be used to produce N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs). The NHCs can find application in various fields such as organic synthesis, catalysis and macromolecular chemistry. Palladium catalysts containing the NHCs are also described.

A method of preparing a 2,6 disubstituted anilines includes, reacting a 2-amino isophthalic acid diester with sufficient Grignard reagent R.sub.2CH.sub.2MgX to form the corresponding diol product, dehydrating the diol product to the corresponding dialkene; and hydrogenating the diol product to form the corresponding aniline. The 2,6 disubstituted anilines can be used to produce N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs). The NHCs can find application in various fields such as organic synthesis, catalysis and macromolecular chemistry. Palladium catalysts containing the NHCs are also described.

The present invention relates to a new structural class of phenalkamines, curing agent compositions comprising the phenalkamines, their use, as well as and methods of producing such phenalkamines and compositions. The phenalkamines of the present invention can be prepared by reacting cardanol with an aldehyde compound and triaminononane. These curing-agent compositions may be used to cure, harden, and/or crosslink an epoxy resin. The curing-agent compositions of this invention are of low viscosity and can be used neat or dissolved in a minimum amount of an organic solvent or diluent to effect cure of epoxy resins.

The present invention relates to a new structural class of phenalkamines, curing agent compositions comprising the phenalkamines, their use, as well as and methods of producing such phenalkamines and compositions. The phenalkamines of the present invention can be prepared by reacting cardanol with an aldehyde compound and triaminononane. These curing-agent compositions may be used to cure, harden, and/or crosslink an epoxy resin. The curing-agent compositions of this invention are of low viscosity and can be used neat or dissolved in a minimum amount of an organic solvent or diluent to effect cure of epoxy resins.

Disclosed are a chiral multidentate ligand (I), a preparation, and an application thereof. In this method, compound (M1) is subjected to condensation with compound (M2) followed by amine deprotection in the presence of a deprotection reagent to obtain compound (M4). Compound (1) is subjected to deprotonation by butyl lithium and phosphorization followed by dimethylamino group substitution to produce compound (3). The compound (3) and the compound (M4) are reacted in the presence of triethylamine to produce chiral multidentate ligands.

##STR00001##

Disclosed are a chiral multidentate ligand (I), a preparation, and an application thereof. In this method, compound (M1) is subjected to condensation with compound (M2) followed by amine deprotection in the presence of a deprotection reagent to obtain compound (M4). Compound (1) is subjected to deprotonation by butyl lithium and phosphorization followed by dimethylamino group substitution to produce compound (3). The compound (3) and the compound (M4) are reacted in the presence of triethylamine to produce chiral multidentate ligands.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a hydrogel product comprising glycosaminoglycan molecules as the swellable polymer, wherein the glycosaminoglycan molecules are covalently crosslinked via crosslinks comprising a spacer group selected from the group consisting of di-, tri-, tetra-, and oligosaccharides.