The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

This present invention relates to an improved process to prepare prostacyclin derivatives. One embodiment provides for an improved process to convert benzindene triol to treprostinil via salts of treprostinil and to purify treprostinil.

This present invention relates to an improved process to prepare prostacyclin derivatives. One embodiment provides for an improved process to convert benzindene triol to treprostinil via salts of treprostinil and to purify treprostinil.

One embodiment provides a method of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound, including: (a) preparing a mixture including a phthalic acid-based compound and a nitrile-based compound; and (b) reacting the mixture, wherein step (b) is performed under supercritical conditions of the nitrile-based compound.

One embodiment provides a method of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound, including: (a) preparing a mixture including a phthalic acid-based compound and a nitrile-based compound; and (b) reacting the mixture, wherein step (b) is performed under supercritical conditions of the nitrile-based compound.

In one aspect, methods of depolymerization are described herein comprising providing a synthetic polymer including a hydroxylated aliphatic backbone or hydroxylated backbone segments, and homolytically activing OH bonds of the hydroxyl groups. Homolytic activation induces the formation of alkoxy radical intermediates followed by CC bond ?-scission events breaking the polymer backbone into depolymerization products. In some embodiments, depolymerization products comprise alkyl radical intermediates reduced by hydrogen atom transfer. Moreover, in some embodiments, the depolymerization products are further reacted into difunctionalized products or comprise functionalities derived from the polymer structure. The difunctionalized products can subsequently be employed in polymerization processes for the production of additional synthetic polymers.

In one aspect, methods of depolymerization are described herein comprising providing a synthetic polymer including a hydroxylated aliphatic backbone or hydroxylated backbone segments, and homolytically activing OH bonds of the hydroxyl groups. Homolytic activation induces the formation of alkoxy radical intermediates followed by CC bond ?-scission events breaking the polymer backbone into depolymerization products. In some embodiments, depolymerization products comprise alkyl radical intermediates reduced by hydrogen atom transfer. Moreover, in some embodiments, the depolymerization products are further reacted into difunctionalized products or comprise functionalities derived from the polymer structure. The difunctionalized products can subsequently be employed in polymerization processes for the production of additional synthetic polymers.

In one aspect, methods of depolymerization are described herein comprising providing a synthetic polymer including a hydroxylated aliphatic backbone or hydroxylated backbone segments, and homolytically activing OH bonds of the hydroxyl groups. Homolytic activation induces the formation of alkoxy radical intermediates followed by CC bond ?-scission events breaking the polymer backbone into depolymerization products. In some embodiments, depolymerization products comprise alkyl radical intermediates reduced by hydrogen atom transfer. Moreover, in some embodiments, the depolymerization products are further reacted into difunctionalized products or comprise functionalities derived from the polymer structure. The difunctionalized products can subsequently be employed in polymerization processes for the production of additional synthetic polymers.

In a process for the synthesis of a nitrile by endothermic catalyzed reaction of ammonia with a hydrocarbon using heating obtained by passing an alternating current through a metallic coil, the endothermic reaction between ammonia and the hydrocarbon takes place in a reactor with direct inductive heating in the reaction zone. The heating is extremely fast, which makes the reaction practically instantaneous.