Provided is a carrier which has excellent pressure resistance, and even when a protein ligand is not immobilized thereon, has a high dynamic binding capacity to a target substance, and has a high performance of separating a target substance from a biological sample.

The carrier includes a polymer having a crosslinked structure containing a divalent group represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 independently represent a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, X represents a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxy group, >N(—R.sup.31), >Si(—R.sup.32).sub.2, >P(—R.sup.33), >P(═O)(—R.sup.34), >B(—R.sup.35), or >C(—R.sup.36).sub.2 (R.sup.31 to R.sup.36 independently represent a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group), and * represents a bond, with a proviso that when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom, and when both R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom.

Provided is a carrier which has excellent pressure resistance, and even when a protein ligand is not immobilized thereon, has a high dynamic binding capacity to a target substance, and has a high performance of separating a target substance from a biological sample.

The carrier includes a polymer having a crosslinked structure containing a divalent group represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 independently represent a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, X represents a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxy group, >N(—R.sup.31), >Si(—R.sup.32).sub.2, >P(—R.sup.33), >P(═O)(—R.sup.34), >B(—R.sup.35), or >C(—R.sup.36).sub.2 (R.sup.31 to R.sup.36 independently represent a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group), and * represents a bond, with a proviso that when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom, and when both R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound. This method for producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a specific sulfuric acid ester compound.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound. This method for producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a specific sulfuric acid ester compound.

An electrolyte, including: a compound of Formula I, and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III, ##STR00001##
R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

An electrolyte, including: a compound of Formula I, and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III, ##STR00001##
R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound. This method for producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a specific sulfuric acid ester compound.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound. This method for producing a cyclic disulfonic acid ester compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a specific sulfuric acid ester compound.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a methylene disulfonate compound. The method for producing a methylene disulfonate compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a formaldehyde compound in the presence of sulfur trioxide.

Provided is a novel production method capable of easily producing a methylene disulfonate compound. The method for producing a methylene disulfonate compound comprises reacting a specific sulfonic acid compound with a formaldehyde compound in the presence of sulfur trioxide.