Described herein are embodiments of squarylium compounds for use as filters in light-emitting and/or display devices. One problem of known quarylium dyes is that strong nucleophiles can attack the electron-deficient cyclobutene ring which can lead to a loss of the dye's colour. Another potential drawback with squaraine dyes can be their tendency to form aggregates, which can lead to a substantial broadening of their absorption bands. Use of the present compounds in filters address these problems. The squarylium compounds of the present invention have the following formulas: ##STR00001##

A nanoribbon includes a structure represented by a structural formula (8), where g, p, q, r, s, t, and u are mutually independent and are integers greater than or equal to 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are mutually independent and are one of a hydrogen atom, a substituent, an alkyl moiety, a phenyl moiety, and a halogen atom, and A denotes a hydrogen atom or as aryl group. ##STR00001##

The present application provides methods of treating hidradenitis suppurativa in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound which inhibits JAK1 and/or JAK2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Compounds as IDO inhibitors and/or dual inhibitors of IDO-HDAC are described. Specifically, the compounds represented by the following formula (I) are described, wherein each group is defined as described in the specification. The compounds have IDO inhibitory activity or IDO-HDAC dual inhibitory activity and can be used for preventing or treating diseases associated with IDO and/or IDO-HDAC activity or expression levels. At the same time, the compounds of the present invention can be combined with an anti-tumor antibody such as PD-1 and PD-L1, and such a combination can greatly increase the anti-tumor response rate of the antibody and broaden the types of tumors to be treated. ##STR00001##

Compound that is an inhibitor of at least one of the A.sub.2A and A.sub.2B adenosine receptors, and compositions containing the compound and methods for synthesizing the compound, are described herein. The use of such compound and compositions for the treatment of a diverse array of diseases, disorders, and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders that are mediated, at least in part, by the adenosine A.sub.2A receptor and/or the adenosine A.sub.2B receptor.

Provided is a polarizing film with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that can contribute to the widening of the color gamut of an image display apparatus, the polarizing film with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer being suppressed in brightness reduction and being excellent in durability. The polarizing film with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the present invention includes a polarizer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged on at least one side of the polarizer. A distance between the polarizer and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 25 μm or less. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an absorption peak in a wavelength band in the range of from 580 nm to 610 nm. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains a compound X represented by the general formula (I) or the general formula (II).

Provided is an optically functional film that can contribute to the widening of the color gamut of an image display apparatus, the optically functional film being suppressed in brightness reduction and being excellent in durability. The optically functional film of the present invention includes an optically functional layer having a moisture permeability of 100 g/m.sup.2 or less, wherein the optically functional layer has an absorption peak in a wavelength band in a range of from 580 nm to 610 nm, and wherein the optically functional layer contains a compound X represented by the general formula (I) or the general formula (II).

Organic molecules are provided that exhibit emission maxima in the blue, sky-blue or green spectral range. The organic molecules exhibit emission maxima between 420 nm and 520 nm, preferably between 440 nm and 495 nm, more preferably between 450 nm and 470 nm. The photoluminescence quantum yields of the organic molecules are 20% or more. The molecules exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The molecules can be used in an optoelectronic device, for example an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), leading to higher efficiencies of the device. Corresponding OLEDs have a higher stability than OLEDs with known emitter materials and comparable color.

The present invention pertains to the field of optical functional materials, in particular relates to a fluorescent dye having a structure as shown in Formula (I). The fluorescent dye having the structure is covalently bonded to the biological macromolecule, and is stable. The fluorescent dye has high sensitivity, and can be used for different applications, such as cell imaging, fluorescent probes, laser dyes, and fluorescence sensors, and exhibits excellent utility. The preparation method provided by the present invention has low raw material costs, high yields, and employs a simple process that does not produce pollution, simple process. The prepared fluorescent dye has a novel structure and excellent properties, and is suitable for wide range of applications in the fields of biology and environmental science.

Provided is an optically functional film that can contribute to the widening of the color gamut of an image display apparatus, the optically functional film being suppressed in brightness reduction and being excellent in durability. The optically functional film of the present invention includes: a resin layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged on at least one side of the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and/or the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains, as coloring matters, a compound X represented by the general formula (I) or (II) and a compound Y having an absorption peak in a wavelength band in a range of from 400 nm to 700 nm, which are mixed with each other.