This disclosure is generally directed to polymerization catalysts derived from 1,5-diazabicyclooctanes, catalyst systems utilizing such catalysts, and processes to polymerize alpha olefins therewith.

An apparatus and method is provided for coating a surface of a material with a film of porous coordination polymer. A first substrate having a first surface to be coated is positioned in a processing chamber such that the first surface is placed in a substantially opposing relationship to a second surface. In some embodiments, the second surface is provided by a wall of the processing chamber, and in other embodiments the second surface is provided by a second substrate to be coated. The first substrate is held such that a gap exists between the first and second surfaces, and the gap is filled with at least one reaction mixture comprising reagents sufficient to form the crystalline film on at least the first surface. A thin gap (e.g., having a thickness less than 2 mm) between the first and second surfaces is effective for producing a high quality film having a thickness less than 100 μm. Confining the volume of the reaction mixture to a thin layer adjacent the substrate surface significantly reduces problems with sedimentation and concentration control. In some embodiments, the size, shape, or average thickness of the gap is adjusted during formation of the film in response to feedback from at least one film growth monitor.

An apparatus and method is provided for coating a surface of a material with a film of porous coordination polymer. A first substrate having a first surface to be coated is positioned in a processing chamber such that the first surface is placed in a substantially opposing relationship to a second surface. In some embodiments, the second surface is provided by a wall of the processing chamber, and in other embodiments the second surface is provided by a second substrate to be coated. The first substrate is held such that a gap exists between the first and second surfaces, and the gap is filled with at least one reaction mixture comprising reagents sufficient to form the crystalline film on at least the first surface. A thin gap (e.g., having a thickness less than 2 mm) between the first and second surfaces is effective for producing a high quality film having a thickness less than 100 μm. Confining the volume of the reaction mixture to a thin layer adjacent the substrate surface significantly reduces problems with sedimentation and concentration control. In some embodiments, the size, shape, or average thickness of the gap is adjusted during formation of the film in response to feedback from at least one film growth monitor.

The present disclosure relates to 2-dimensional MXenes surface-modified with catechol derivatives, a method for preparing the same, MXene organic ink including the same, and use thereof (e.g. flexible electrodes, conducive cohesive/adhesive materials, electromagnetic wave-shielding materials, flexible heaters, sensors, energy storage devices). Particularly, the simple, fast, and scalable surface-functionalization process of MXenes using catechol derivatives (e.g. ADOPA) organic ligands significantly improves the dispersion stability in various organic solvents (including ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone and acetonitrile) and produces highly concentrated organic liquid crystals of various MXenes (including Ti.sub.2CT.sub.x, Nb.sub.2CT.sub.x, V.sub.2CT.sub.x, Mo.sub.2CT.sub.x, Ti.sub.3C.sub.2T.sub.x, Ti.sub.3CNT.sub.x, Mo.sub.2TiC.sub.2T.sub.x, and Mo.sub.2Ti.sub.2C.sub.3T.sub.x). Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, excellent coating and adhesion abilities to various hydrophobic substrates, and composite processability with hydrophobic polymers. This finding will lead to further studies on the structures, properties, and physics of the organic MXene liquid crystals and their practical applications.

The present disclosure relates to 2-dimensional MXenes surface-modified with catechol derivatives, a method for preparing the same, MXene organic ink including the same, and use thereof (e.g. flexible electrodes, conducive cohesive/adhesive materials, electromagnetic wave-shielding materials, flexible heaters, sensors, energy storage devices). Particularly, the simple, fast, and scalable surface-functionalization process of MXenes using catechol derivatives (e.g. ADOPA) organic ligands significantly improves the dispersion stability in various organic solvents (including ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone and acetonitrile) and produces highly concentrated organic liquid crystals of various MXenes (including Ti.sub.2CT.sub.x, Nb.sub.2CT.sub.x, V.sub.2CT.sub.x, Mo.sub.2CT.sub.x, Ti.sub.3C.sub.2T.sub.x, Ti.sub.3CNT.sub.x, Mo.sub.2TiC.sub.2T.sub.x, and Mo.sub.2Ti.sub.2C.sub.3T.sub.x). Such products offer excellent electrical conductivity, improved oxidation stability, excellent coating and adhesion abilities to various hydrophobic substrates, and composite processability with hydrophobic polymers. This finding will lead to further studies on the structures, properties, and physics of the organic MXene liquid crystals and their practical applications.

The invention provides a method for the purification of complexed .sup.227Th from a mixture comprising complexed .sup.227Th and .sup.223Ra (complexed or in solution), said method comprising: i) preparing a first solution comprising a mixture of complexed .sup.227Th ions and .sup.223Ra ions in a first aqueous buffer; ii) loading said first solution onto a separation material; iii) eluting complexed .sup.227Th from said separation material whereby to generate a second solution comprising complexed .sup.227Th; iv) Optionally rinsing said separation material using a first aqueous washing medium;

The invention additionally provides a purified .sup.227Th solution, a pharmaceutical product and its use in treatment of disease such as cancer and a kit for generation of such a product.

The invention provides a method for the purification of complexed .sup.227Th from a mixture comprising complexed .sup.227Th and .sup.223Ra (complexed or in solution), said method comprising: i) preparing a first solution comprising a mixture of complexed .sup.227Th ions and .sup.223Ra ions in a first aqueous buffer; ii) loading said first solution onto a separation material; iii) eluting complexed .sup.227Th from said separation material whereby to generate a second solution comprising complexed .sup.227Th; iv) Optionally rinsing said separation material using a first aqueous washing medium;

The invention additionally provides a purified .sup.227Th solution, a pharmaceutical product and its use in treatment of disease such as cancer and a kit for generation of such a product.

The present invention is directed to supported catalyst having utility in the polymerization and co-polymerization of epoxide monomers, said supported catalyst having the general Formula (I):

[DMCC]*b Supp  (I) wherein: [DMCC] denotes a double metal cyanide complex which comprises a double metal cyanide (DMC) compound, at least one organic complexing agent and a metal salt; Supp denotes a hydrophobic support material; and, b represents the average proportion by weight of said support material, based on the total weight of [DMCC] and Supp, and is preferably in the range 1 wt. %≤b≤99 wt. %.

Provided are a novel naphthalocyanine compound, which has strong absorption in a near-infrared range, extremely weak absorption in a visible range, and high resistance such as light resistance and heat resistance, and exhibits excellent solubility in an organic solvent or a resin, a heat ray shielding material, and uses of the naphthalocyanine compound such as a heat ray shielding material and the like.

The naphthalocyanine compound is represented by General Formula (1).

##STR00001##

wherein, in Formula (1), M represents two hydrogen atoms, a divalent metal, or a derivative of a trivalent or tetravalent metal, R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group, A represents Formula (2), and B represents Formula (3),

##STR00002##

wherein, in Formula (2), R.sub.4 to R.sub.8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, or an arylthio group, and

##STR00003##

wherein, in Formula (3), X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and or an imino group, R.sub.9 to R.sub.13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group.

The present disclosure provides a complex having a metal and ligand anionic complex that is counterbalanced by a cation. The complex can be suited for many uses including in a battery.