The invention relates to compositions of nicotinamide mononucleotide derivatives and their methods of use. The invention also relates to methods of preparing nicotinamide mononucleotide derivatives. The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and nutritional supplements containing a nicotinamide mononucleotide derivative. The invention relates to methods of using nicotinamide mononucleotide derivatives that promote the increase of intracellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in cells and tissues for treating diseases and improving cell and tissue survival.

The invention relates to methods of synthesizing polymers, biopolymers, and nucleic acids, to immobilised dNTP/NTPs and kits comprising said immobilised dNTP/NTPs for use in said methods of nucleic acid synthesis.

Provided are oligomeric compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for DMPK the amount or activity of DMPK RNA in a cell or animal, and in certain instances reducing the amount of DMPK protein in a cell or animal. Such oligomeric compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions are useful to treat type 1 myotonic dystrophy.

A class of polycyclic compounds of general formula (I), wherein Base.sup.1, Base.sup.2, Y, Y.sup.a, X.sup.a, X.sup.a1, X.sup.b, X.sup.b1, X.sup.c, X.sup.c1, X.sup.d, X.sup.d1, R.sup.1, R.sup.1a, R.sup.2, R.sup.2a, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.4a, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.6a, R.sup.7, R.sup.7a, R.sup.8, R.sup.8a, and R.sup.9 are defined herein, that may be useful as inductors of type I interferon production, specifically as STING active agents, are provided. Also provided are processes for the synthesis and use of compounds. ##STR00001##

A class of polycyclic compounds of general formula (I), wherein Base.sup.1, Base.sup.2, Y, Y.sup.a, X.sup.a, X.sup.a1, X.sup.b, X.sup.b1, X.sup.c, X.sup.c1, X.sup.d, X.sup.d1, R.sup.1, R.sup.1a, R.sup.2, R.sup.2a, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.4a, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.6a, R.sup.7, R.sup.7a, R.sup.8, R.sup.8a, and R.sup.9 are defined herein, that may be useful as inductors of type I interferon production, specifically as STING active agents, are provided. Also provided are processes for the synthesis and use of compounds. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to the use of polyphosphate containing species in a method of nucleic acid synthesis, to methods of nucleic acid synthesis, and to the use of kits comprising said polyphosphate containing species. The invention also relates to the use of polyphosphate containing species for the capping of 3′-terminal hydroxyl moieties using terminal transferases.

The invention relates to the use of polyphosphate containing species in a method of nucleic acid synthesis, to methods of nucleic acid synthesis, and to the use of kits comprising said polyphosphate containing species. The invention also relates to the use of polyphosphate containing species for the capping of 3′-terminal hydroxyl moieties using terminal transferases.

A process for making an oligonucleotide, the process including reacting a oligonucleotide precursor with a solid phase support within a reaction vessel, the reaction vessel being coupled to an actuator and having a resting position and inverting the reaction vessel via the actuator such that the reaction vessel is inverted relative to the resting position, wherein the inversion of the reaction vessel results in stirring of the solid phase support within the reaction vessel.

A process for making an oligonucleotide, the process including reacting a oligonucleotide precursor with a solid phase support within a reaction vessel, the reaction vessel being coupled to an actuator and having a resting position and inverting the reaction vessel via the actuator such that the reaction vessel is inverted relative to the resting position, wherein the inversion of the reaction vessel results in stirring of the solid phase support within the reaction vessel.

Disclosed is a compound with a structure as shown in Formula (101) and a corresponding drug conjugate, wherein the drug conjugate can be specifically targeted at cells and has a low toxicity and an excellent delivery efficiency.

##STR00001##