This disclosure features chemical entities (e.g., a compound that modulates (e.g., agonizes) Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and/or hydrate, and/or cocrystal, and/or drug combination of the compound) that are useful, e.g., for treating a condition, disease or disorder in which a decrease or increase in STING activity (e.g., a decrease, e.g., a condition, disease or disorder associated with repressed or impaired STING signaling) contributes to the pathology and/or symptoms and/or progression of the condition, disease or disorder (e.g., cancer) in a subject (e.g., a human). This disclosure also features compositions as well as other methods of using and making the same.

The present invention relates to improved processes for production of closed linear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), in particular cell-free enzymatic production of closed linear DNA molecules, preferably using a closed linear DNA as a template for DNA synthesis. The invention further relates to a novel closed linear DNA species, suitable for use as a template in the improved processes for production of closed linear DNA. Further, the invention pertains to the intermediate products of the processes, since this enables the production of larger quantities of closed linear DNA from the template than with methods known in the art.

A method of identifying a polynucleic acid (PNA) is presented, including the steps of providing a PNA; modifying one or more nucleobases of the PNA by addition or removal of a hydrogen bonding partner, thereby altering the base pairing capacity of the one or more nucleobases; base pairing a complementary nucleic acid to the PNA, including base pairing to at least one modified nucleobase; identifying the sequence of the complementary nucleic acid at least at the position that is complementary to at least one modified nucleobase.

A method of identifying a polynucleic acid (PNA) is presented, including the steps of providing a PNA; modifying one or more nucleobases of the PNA by addition or removal of a hydrogen bonding partner, thereby altering the base pairing capacity of the one or more nucleobases; base pairing a complementary nucleic acid to the PNA, including base pairing to at least one modified nucleobase; identifying the sequence of the complementary nucleic acid at least at the position that is complementary to at least one modified nucleobase.

The present invention relates to methods for purifying nucleic acids. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for purifying carbohydrate-conjugated oligonucleotides using a mixed-mode stationary phase and a mobile phase comprising a dual salt/organic solvent gradient. Methods for purifying carbohydrate-conjugated oligonucleotides using an anion exchange stationary phase and a mobile phase comprising a dual pH/salt gradient are also described.

The present invention relates to methods for purifying nucleic acids. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for purifying carbohydrate-conjugated oligonucleotides using a mixed-mode stationary phase and a mobile phase comprising a dual salt/organic solvent gradient. Methods for purifying carbohydrate-conjugated oligonucleotides using an anion exchange stationary phase and a mobile phase comprising a dual pH/salt gradient are also described.

Disclosed are compounds and compositions for the activation or induction of expression of a pattern recognition receptor (e.g., STING, RIG-I, MDA5), and methods of use thereof.

This disclosure is related to a method of sequencing a single-stranded DNA using deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues and translocation of tags from incorporated deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues through a nanopore.

This disclosure is related to a method of sequencing a single-stranded DNA using deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues and translocation of tags from incorporated deoxynucleotide polyphosphate analogues through a nanopore.

The present embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions useful for inhibiting DGAT2 expression, which may be useful for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a disease associated with DGAT2.