Probe embodiments for targeting, identifying, and isolating enzymes exhibiting BSH activity as well as devices and kits that use the probes are described herein. Methods of making and using the probes, devices, and kits are also described. In some embodiments, probes, devices, and kits for targeting, identifying, and isolating enzymes in a biological sample are disclosed. In some embodiments, compositions and methods of treatment using the probes, devices, and kits disclosed herein are described.

The invention discloses an improved process for production of vitamin D3 from 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and to a simple process for recovery unreacted 7-DHC for further reuse. The invention further describes a process for isolation and purification of Vitamin D3.

Described herein are neuroactive steroids or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Such compounds are envisioned, in certain embodiments, to behave as GABA modulators. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound described herein and methods of use and treatment, e.g., such as for inducing sedation and/or anesthesia.

Described herein are neuroactive steroids or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Such compounds are envisioned, in certain embodiments, to behave as GABA modulators. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound described herein and methods of use and treatment, e.g., such as for inducing sedation and/or anesthesia.

The present invention relates to, in part, a combination therapy of a polyhydroxylated bile acid and a farnesoid X receptor agonist. The present invention also provides, in part, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a farnesoid X receptor agonist and a polyhydroxylated bile acid in the preparation of a medicament for treating a biliary disorder or a gastrointestinal disorder.

The present invention relates to obeticholic acid:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or amino acid conjugate thereof. Obeticholic acid is useful for the treatment or prevention of a FXR mediated disease or condition, cardiovascular disease or cholestatic liver disease, and for reducing HDL cholesterol, for lowering triglycerides in a mammal, or for inhibition of fibrosis. The present invention also relates to processes for the synthesis of obeticholic acid.

The invention relates to methods, compounds, compositions and vehicles for delivering 3-amino-1-propanesulfonic acid (3APS) in a subject, preferably a human subject. The invention encompasses compound that will yield or generate 3APS, either in vitro or in vivo. Preferred compounds include amino acid prodrugs of 3APS for use, including but not limited to the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Bile acids and related compositions and methods of synthesis and use. More specifically, deoxycholic acid and related compositions, said compositions being free of all moieties of animal origin and free of pyrogenic moieties.

Bile acids and related compositions and methods of synthesis and use. More specifically, deoxycholic acid and related compositions, said compositions being free of all moieties of animal origin and free of pyrogenic moieties.

Compounds are provided according to Formula (I):

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and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof; wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 are as defined herein. Compounds of the present invention are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions.