Compounds are provided according to Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are as defined herein. Compounds of the present invention are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions.

##STR00001##

Isolated mogroside and mogrol biosynthetic pathway enzyme polypeptides useful in mogroside biosynthesis are provided. Mogroside biosynthetic pathway enzymes of the invention include squalene epoxidase (SE), expoxy hydratase (EH), cytochrome p450 (Cyp), cucurbitadienol synthase (CDS) and udp-glucosyl-transferase (UGT). Also provided are methods of producing a mogroside using the isolated mogroside and mogrol biosynthetic enzyme polypeptides, the methods comprising contacting a mogrol and/or a glycosylated mogrol (mogroside) with at least one UDP glucose glucosyl transferase (UGT) enzyme polypeptide of the invention catalyzing glucosylation of the mogrol and/or the glucosylated mogrol to produce a mogroside with an additional glucosyl moietie(s), thereby producing the mogroside. Alternatively or additionally provided is a method of synthesizing a mogrol, the method comprising contacting a mogrol precursor substrate with one or more mogrol biosynthetic pathway enzyme polypeptides as described herein catalyzing mogrol synthesis from the mogrol precursor substrate, thereby synthesizing the mogrol.

Described herein are steroids of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2a, R.sup.2b, R.sup.3, R.sub.4, R.sup.5a, R.sup.5b, R.sup.6, and Z are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and/or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and/or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

##STR00001##

Described herein are steroids of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2a, R.sup.2b, R.sup.3, R.sub.4, R.sup.5a, R.sup.5b, R.sup.6, and Z are as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and/or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and/or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (II):

##STR00001##

pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of using these compounds to treat or prevent a disease or disorder mediated by FXR and/or TGR5.

The present invention provides a compound of Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R is hydrogen, —P(═O)(OH).sub.2,

##STR00002##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound of Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is useful for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

The present invention provides a compound of Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R is hydrogen, —P(═O)(OH).sub.2,

##STR00002##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound of Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is useful for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Chemical compounds and the therapeutic use thereof, in particular for improving muscular quality in mammals. More particularly, a method of improving muscular quality in sarcopenic mammals and treating and/or preventing sarcopenia using the chemical compounds and, in particular, sarcopenic obesity and the associated complications and/or pathologies thereof, such as loss of strength, muscle mass, performance and of physical and movement capacity. Also, a method of improving muscle quality in obese mammals and treating and/or preventing of obesity and associated complications and/or pathologies, advantageously type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, using the chemical compounds.

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted steroids of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein, , R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.4a, and R.sup.4b are as defined herein, and A is a carbon bound substituted or unsubstituted 5-to6-membered heteroaryl ring as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and/or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and/or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are 19-nor C3,3-disubstituted steroids of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein, , R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.4a, and R.sup.4b are as defined herein, and A is a carbon bound substituted or unsubstituted 5-to6-membered heteroaryl ring as defined herein. Such compounds are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions, for example, treatment of sleep disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, convulsive disorders, disorders of memory and/or cognition, movement disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, pain, traumatic brain injury, vascular diseases, substance abuse disorders and/or withdrawal syndromes, and tinnitus. ##STR00001##