The present invention relates to compounds characterized by having a structure according to the following Formula I: ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of HIV.

This invention provides novel compounds comprising the following anti-inflammatory pharmacore:

##STR00001##

wherein X, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Amphiphilic compounds with tetradecahydrophenanthrene skeleton and their enantiomers, exhibiting neuroprotective effects, their use in methods of treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with an imbalance in glutamatergic neurotransmitter system, such as ischemic damage of CNS, neurodegenerative changes and disorders of CNS, affective disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and diseases related to stress, anxiety, schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, pain, addiction, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, glioma, and a pharmaceutical composition containing compound.

Method for the separation of at least one isoprenic constituent from the resin of a plant of guayule and/or of the guayule type comprising the steps of: a) providing a defatted resin of guayule and/or of the guayule type; b) subjecting the defatted resin to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents that are immiscible in each other thus obtaining an apolar extract containing the isoprenic constituents guayulin A, guayulin B and argentatin B; and a polar extract containing the isoprene constituents argentatin A, argentatin C and argentatin D; and c) separating at least one isoprenic constituent from said polar extract and/or from the apolar extract thus obtained, wherein step c) comprises a step in which the polar extract is subjected to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents immiscible in each other and/or a step in which the apolar extract is subjected to partitioning of the solid-liquid type.

Oleanolic acid methyl ester derivatives demonstrate potent anti-diabetic activities. In in vitro anti-diabetic testing, the derivatives showed more potency regarding dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor activity, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) agonist activity, and -Glucosidase inhibitors activity, as compared to reference standards oleanolic acid and acarbose. In in vivo oral hypoglycemic testing, both acute and sub-acute studies demonstrated that the derivatives had high potency and long duration of action compared to the reference standards pioglitazone, acarbose and oleanolic acid.

Compounds having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are set forth. In particular, betulinic acid derivatives that possess unique antiviral activity are provided as HIV maturation inhibitors, as represented by compounds of Formulas I and II: ##STR00001##
These compounds are useful for the treatment of HIV and AIDS.

In one aspect, the invention relates methods for inhibiting or preventing muscle atrophy or increasing muscle mass by providing to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of ursolic acid, a derivative thereof, or an analog of the ursane scaffold. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Compounds are provided according to Formulae (A-I), (B-I), (C-I), (D-I), (E-I), (F-I), (G-I), and (H-I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Compounds of the present disclosure are contemplated useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions.

##STR00001## ##STR00002##

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for increasing telomerase activity in cells. Such compositions include pharmaceutical formulations. The methods and compositions are useful for treating diseases subject to treatment by an increase in telomerase activity in cells or tissue of a patient. They are also useful for enhancing replicative capacity of cells in culture, as in ex vivo cell therapy and for enhancing proliferation of stem and progenitor cells.

In one aspect, the invention relates methods for inhibiting or preventing muscle atrophy or increasing muscle mass by providing to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of ursolic acid, a derivative thereof, or an analog of the ursane scaffold. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.