Described is ELTA (Enzymatic Labeling of Terminal ADP-ribose) to label free, protein-conjugated, or nucleic acid-conjugated ADP-ribose monomer and polymers at their 2′-OH termini. When coupled with different chemical analogs, ELTA can be used for various applications including fluorescence-based biophysical measurement of PAR-protein interaction, detection of PAR length from cells, and enrichment of ADP-ribosylated peptides for mass spectrometry identification.

Described is ELTA (Enzymatic Labeling of Terminal ADP-ribose) to label free, protein-conjugated, or nucleic acid-conjugated ADP-ribose monomer and polymers at their 2′-OH termini. When coupled with different chemical analogs, ELTA can be used for various applications including fluorescence-based biophysical measurement of PAR-protein interaction, detection of PAR length from cells, and enrichment of ADP-ribosylated peptides for mass spectrometry identification.

The invention relates to a glycoprotein-toxic payload molecule conjugate, a toxic payload molecule-glycan conjugate, and a pharmaceutical composition. The invention further relates to a method for preparing the glycoprotein-toxic payload molecule conjugate, the method for modulating growth of a cell population and a method of treating tumour cells.

Disclosed are methods, systems, components, and compositions for cell-free synthesis of glycosylated proteins. The glycosylated proteins may be utilized in vaccines, including anti-bacterial vaccines. The glycosylated proteins may include a bacterial polysaccharide conjugated to a carrier, which may be utilized to generate an immune response in an immunized host against the polysaccharide conjugated to the carrier. The glycosylated proteins may be synthesized in cell-free glycoprotein synthesis (CFGpS) systems using prokaryote cell lysates that are enriched in components for glycoprotein synthesis such as oligosaccharyltransferases (OSTs) and lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLOs) including OSTs and LLOs associated with synthesis of bacterial O antigens.

Single molecules useful in vaccine compositions, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

Single molecules useful in vaccine compositions, and methods of making and using the same, are described.

Newly developed peptide nanogels provide native cues to human dermal fibroblasts as well as mouse myoblast cells and promote proliferation and extensive network formation in vitro is presented. The results represent an improvement in the fabrication of dermal grafts as well as 3D skin models. In addition, the application of these ultrashort peptide nanogels on full-thickness wounds in a minipig model demonstrated biocompatibility with the minipig skin tissue, as the peptide nanogels did not trigger wound inflammation. Thus, they can be considered as a safe biomaterial for topical applications. It is shown that both peptides are printable. The ability to print peptides and the return of high cell viability within the printed construct will open up the possibility of 3D bioprinting of different cell types in future.

The caged cell-penetrating peptide (cCPP) conjugates of this invention are ideal for intracellular delivery of a broad variety of cargoes including various nanoparticle pharmaceutical carriers (liposomes, micelles, microparticles, nanoparticles, polymer-conjugates). The conjugates comprise a detectable agent or a therapeutic agent, and the conjugates provide a novel strategy for site-specific delivery of the same to appropriate tissues in the subject. Versatile application of the conjugates in diagnostics and imaging is described.

The invention concerns agents with antibacterial activity, their production and use in the treatment of bacterial infections in animals, including man. The agents are derivatives of vancomycin-type antibiotics, of structure XW-L-V, wherein X is hydrogen, acetyl or a lipophilic membrane-insertive element, W is a basic peptide or basic amino acid; L is a linking group and V is a glycopeptide moiety which inhibits peptidoglycan biosynthesis in bacteria.

A method for designing a protein capable of binding in an RNA base selective manner or RNA base sequence specific manner is provided. The protein of the present invention is a protein containing one or more of PPR motifs (preferably 2 to 14 PPR motifs) each consisting of a polypeptide of 30- to 38-amino acid length represented by the formula 1 (wherein Helix A is a moiety of 12-amino acid length capable of forming an -helix structure, and is represented by the formula 2, wherein, in the formula 2, A.sub.1 to A.sub.12 independently represent an amino acid; X does not exist, or is a moiety of 1- to 9-amino acid length; Helix B is a moiety of 11- to 13-amino acid length capable of forming an -helix structure; and L is a moiety of 2- to 7-amino acid length represented by the formula 3, wherein, in the formula 3, the amino acids are numbered i (1), ii (2), and so on from the C-terminus side, provided that L.sub.iii to L.sub.vii may not exist), and combination of three amino acids A.sub.1, A.sub.4 and L.sub.ii or combination of two amino acids A.sub.4, and L.sub.ii is a combination corresponding to a target RNA base or base sequence.