The invention relates to a method for the removal of protein and other impurities from microbial capsular polysaccharides. More particularly, the present invention relates to isolation of microbial capsular polysaccharides in pure form after removal of protein and other impurities.

A purification method for the capsular polysaccharide of type II GBS in which the capsular polysaccharide is filtered using a membrane with a cut-off of less than 30 kDa.

The present disclosure provides a composition for submucosal injection including a divalent cation and an oligosaccharide obtained by exposing powdered polysaccharides to irradiation, heat, ultrasound, or ultraviolet radiation. The composition may be provided as a single solution; or the divalent cation and the oligosaccharide may be separately packaged, with the divalent cation being provided in solution form and the oligosaccharide being provided in powder form. The divalent cation may be 0.1-0.5% w/v of Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+, Ba.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, or any combination thereof. The oligosaccharide may be 0.5-2% w/v of degraded sodium alginate, degraded xanthan gum, degraded dextran, degraded welan gum, degraded gellan gum, degraded diutan gum, or any combination thereof. When the divalent cation is in contact with the oligosaccharide, viscosity of the composition is greater than 1000 cP, and injection pressure of the composition falls within a range of 2.5-4 kgf.

Methods for producing an activated pectin-containing biomass composition are provided. The method includes (A) mixing a starting pectin-containing biomass material comprising an insoluble fiber component and an insoluble protopectin component with an aqueous solution of an alcohol to form a mixture; (B) activating the starting pectin-containing biomass material to form an activated pectin-containing biomass material comprising the insoluble fiber component and a soluble pectin component by subjecting the starting pectin-containing biomass material to (i) an activating solution formed by adding acid to the mixture to adjust the pH of the mixture within the range from at or about 0.5 to at or about 2.5 and (ii) heat to a temperature greater than at or about 40 degrees Celsius; and (C) applying mechanical energy either (i) to the mixture of step A), (ii) during the activating of step B), or (iii) to the mixture of step A) and during the activating of step B); and (D) separating the activated pectin-containing biomass material from the mixture; wherein during the method the alcohol present in the mixture is at or greater than about 40 weight percent based on the total weight of the mixture. Activated pectin-containing biomass compositions are also provided.

An exopolysaccharide of a lactic acid bacterium derived from a fig and belonging to Lactobacillus paracasei includes a neutral polysaccharide having a structure in which N-acetylglucosamines are linked with each other via α-1,6 bond, has a hyaluronidase inhibitory, and is therefore useful in a food and drink, a medicine, a feed, a cosmetic and the like exerting an antiallergy effect.

Process for the treatment of biomass comprising dried and pulverized citrus pulp, said process comprising the following steps: A. mixing the biomass with a process solvent selected from a eutectic solvent comprising a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, an ionic liquid and a mixture of said eutectic solvent and said ionic solvent, and precipitation of cellulose residues; B. separation of the insoluble cellulose residues precipitated in step A; C. separation of the hemicellulose and the pectin from the process solvent; wherein in the aforesaid step C. of the separation of hemicellulose and pectin is performed through the addition of a lower alcohol and water, thus allowing the precipitation of the hemicellulose and the pectin and their subsequent separation with conventional techniques from the liquid phase comprising process solvent, organic solvent and possibly water.

The present disclosure provides methods of preparing heteroaryl-containing compounds, wherein an azide-alkyne cycloaddition is accelerated in the presence of lauryldimethylamine oxide (LDAO). The present disclosure further provides conjugates of polypeptides and antigens prepared using such methods.

The present invention relates to a chitin having a molecular mass of more than 855 kg.Math.mol-1 and to a process for obtaining chitin and/or chitosan by separating cuticles from the soft part of the insect and by a basic treatment of the cuticles.

A bifunctional polymer is functionalized at one end with an azlactone end group to conjugate biomolecules of interest, and is functionalized at another end with an azide anchor group to attach the polymer to a substrate. Methods of making the bifunctional polymer are also provided. A coated substrate includes the bifunctionalized polymers on the surface of a substrate. Methods of making the coated substrate are also provided. A microarray includes a plurality of discrete regions, each region including the coated substrate.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing fungal pharmaceutical composition, used for extracting a glycosaminoglycan fiber from a fungal cell wall. Differing from the glycosaminoglycan fiber produced by using a fabrication method proposed by Taiwan patent No. 442496 showing many drawbacks including low extraction percentage, coarse fiber, and having light-yellow color, the glycosaminoglycan fiber manufactured by using this novel method reveals the advantages of high extraction percentage, fine fibers, and showing white color. So that, the novel glycosaminoglycan fiber produced by using the present invention's method is suitable for being processed to an excipient. Moreover, because a variety of experimental results have proved that the glycosaminoglycan fiber produced by using the present invention's method possesses good adsorption ability of tissue fluid and moisture retention ability, this novel glycosaminoglycan fiber is also suitable for being processed to a skin dressing, an artificial skin, or a hydrate mask.