An optical resin composition of the present invention includes fluorine-containing resin and a refractive index modifier. The optical resin composition satisfies the following matter (a) or (b): (a) the refractive index modifier includes 95 mass % or more of a linear polymer (A) including repeating units based on a fluorine-containing ethylene-based monomer such that the number of the repeating units is 5, and a proportion of a content of the linear polymer (A) in the optical resin composition is 1 mass % or more and less than 15 mass %; (b) the refractive index modifier includes 95 mass % or more of a linear polymer (B) including repeating units based on a fluorine-containing ethylene-based monomer such that the number of the repeating units is 6, and a proportion of a content of the linear polymer (B) in the optical resin composition is 1 mass % or more and less than 13 mass %.

An optical resin composition of the present invention includes fluorine-containing resin and a refractive index modifier. The optical resin composition satisfies the following matter (a) or (b): (a) the refractive index modifier includes 95 mass % or more of a linear polymer (A) including repeating units based on a fluorine-containing ethylene-based monomer such that the number of the repeating units is 5, and a proportion of a content of the linear polymer (A) in the optical resin composition is 1 mass % or more and less than 15 mass %; (b) the refractive index modifier includes 95 mass % or more of a linear polymer (B) including repeating units based on a fluorine-containing ethylene-based monomer such that the number of the repeating units is 6, and a proportion of a content of the linear polymer (B) in the optical resin composition is 1 mass % or more and less than 13 mass %.

A fluororesin that includes a residue unit represented by formula (1), and a terminal group represented by formula (2); and a fluororesin that includes a residue unit represented by formula (1) and has a transmittance of 50% or more measured at an optical path length of 10 mm and a wavelength of 275 nm when dissolved in perfluorohexane to produce a 10 wt % perfluorohexane solution. In formula (1): Rf.sub.1, Rf.sub.2, Rf.sub.3, and Rf.sub.4 each independently represent one selected from the group consisting of fluorine atoms, C1-7 linear perfluoroalkyl groups, C3-7 branched perfluoroalkyl groups, or C3-7 cyclic perfluoroalkyl groups; the perfluoroalkyl groups may have an etheric oxygen atom; Rf.sub.1, Rf.sub.2, Rf.sub.3, and Rf.sub.4 may bond to each other to form a ring having 4 to 8 carbon atoms; and the ring may include an etheric oxygen atom. In formula (2), i is an integer of 3-20.

##STR00001##

##STR00002##

Compounds of formula III: ##STR00001##
and salts thereof are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for preparing compounds of formula III, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula III and methods for preparing compounds and materials from compounds of formula III.

Compounds of formula III: ##STR00001##
and salts thereof are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for preparing compounds of formula III, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula III and methods for preparing compounds and materials from compounds of formula III.

Anhydrosugar-based monomers prepared from isosorbide, isomannide, and isoidide and resin systems containing these anhydrosugar-based monomers that are partially to fully bio-based, which may produce materials having properties that meet or exceed the properties of similar petroleum derived vinyl ester resins.

A scaffolding material for culturing a stem cell, which contains a synthetic resin, and has a nitrogen content of the synthetic resin of 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less. According to the scaffolding material for stem cell culture, the scaffolding material can have suitable hydrophilicity and strength, high fixation of stem cells after seeding, and highly efficient cell proliferation.

A scaffolding material for culturing a stem cell, which contains a synthetic resin, and has a nitrogen content of the synthetic resin of 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less. According to the scaffolding material for stem cell culture, the scaffolding material can have suitable hydrophilicity and strength, high fixation of stem cells after seeding, and highly efficient cell proliferation.

Anhydrosugar-based monomers prepared from isosorbide, isomannide, and isoidide and resin systems containing these anhydrosugar-based monomers that are partially to fully bio-based, which may produce materials having properties that meet or exceed the properties of similar petroleum derived vinyl ester resins.

Anhydrosugar-based monomers prepared from isosorbide, isomannide, and isoidide and resin systems containing these anhydrosugar-based monomers that are partially to fully bio-based, which may produce materials having properties that meet or exceed the properties of similar petroleum derived vinyl ester resins.