A fluorine-free treating composition that includes Component A and at least one of Components B and C, wherein: Component (A) includes one or more polymeric compounds derived from the polymerization of at least one (meth)acrylate monomer comprising at least one hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 60 carbon atoms; Component (B) includes one or more compounds derived from reaction, in one or more steps, of components comprising: (i) at least one isocyanate-reactive oligomer comprising 2 to 20 repeating units, or an alcohol having at least one linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally one or more ester groups; (ii) at least one polyisocyanate; (iii) optionally at least one additional isocyanate-reactive compound; and (iv) optionally at least one isocyanate blocking agent; and Component (C) includes one or more polycarbodiimide compounds.

Provided is a method of preparing a copolymer which includes 1) initiating polymerization by batch-adding an aromatic vinyl-based monomer and a vinyl cyan-based monomer to a reactor; and 2) performing polymerization by continuously adding an aromatic vinyl-based monomer to the reactor at a predetermined rate after the initiation of polymerization, wherein the continuous addition of the aromatic vinyl-based monomer is initiated when a polymerization conversion rate is 10% or less and terminated when a polymerization conversion rate is between 80 and 90%, and step 2) includes a first temperature phase and a second temperature phase, each of which maintains a constant temperature, wherein a temperature of the second temperature phase is higher than that of the first temperature phase, and thereby a copolymer with a small standard deviation for a vinyl cyan-based unit composition and excellent transparency may be prepared.

Provided is a collection of polymer beads, wherein the volume distribution expressed as a function of bead diameter comprises (A1) a first peak having a maximum of PM1 at diameter PD1 and having full width at half maximum of 75 μm or less, (A2) a second peak having a maximum of PM2 at diameter PD2 and having full width at half maximum of 75 μm or less; and (B1) a valley having a minimum value of VM1 at a diameter between PD1 and PD2, wherein VM1 is less than 0.25*PM1 and VM1 is also less than 0.25*PM2.
wherein the polymer beads comprise polymerized units of one or more monofunctional vinyl monomer and one or more multifunctional vinyl monomer.

The invention relates to a method of making an aqueous coating composition comprising a blend of at least a first aqueous polymer dispersion and a second aqueous polymer dispersion comprising a film-forming second polymer wherein the first aqueous polymer dispersion comprises a first polymer having a number average molecular weight, Mn, of from 2000 to 120000, an acid value of 30 to 150 mg KOH/g, a glass transition temperature Tg of at least 20° C. as calculated with the Fox formula, and an ethylene-oxide content of from 1 to 20 wt %, the method comprising blending an aqueous dispersion of the first polymer having a solids content of 25 to 50 wt % and a pH of 4.5 to 8.0 with an aqueous dispersion of the second polymer having a solids content of 25 to 55 wt % and a pH of 4.5 to 8.0.

The invention relates to a method of making an aqueous coating composition comprising a blend of at least a first aqueous polymer dispersion and a second aqueous polymer dispersion comprising a film-forming second polymer wherein the first aqueous polymer dispersion comprises a first polymer having a number average molecular weight, Mn, of from 2000 to 120000, an acid value of 30 to 150 mg KOH/g, a glass transition temperature Tg of at least 20° C. as calculated with the Fox formula, and an ethylene-oxide content of from 1 to 20 wt %, the method comprising blending an aqueous dispersion of the first polymer having a solids content of 25 to 50 wt % and a pH of 4.5 to 8.0 with an aqueous dispersion of the second polymer having a solids content of 25 to 55 wt % and a pH of 4.5 to 8.0.

The invention relates to specific copolymers obtainable by co-polymerizing at least the following monomers: at least one bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester at least one lower-alkyl (meth)acrylate optionally, and preferably, at least one aromatic vinyl monomer; and optionally other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, whereby the copolymer has a weight averaged molecular weight of from 100,000 to 10,000,000 D, determined using GPC-MALS techniques for a solution in THF at 40° C., as well as to the way to synthesize such copolymers and the use of such polymers to modify the rheology of a liquid in which they are soluble.

A three dimensional manufactured product is manufactured A speed of filing an uncured light curing resin in a space for a next layer is enhanced, to improve a manufacturing speed. One surface of a container housing a light curing resin is configured by a gas-permeable sheet that faces the light curing resin, and transmits irradiation light of a light irradiating apparatus, and a light transmitting plate disposed at an outer side of the container from the gas permeable member. A pressurizing chamber controllable in pressure by a pressure controlling apparatus is defined between the gas-permeable sheet and the light transmitting plate. At moving a manufacturing stage, an inside of the pressurizing chamber is de-pressurized to cause the gas-permeable sheet to perform concave surface deformation, and at a time of performing light irradiation, gas in the pressurizing chamber is caused to permeate into the light curing resin by pressurizing.

A three dimensional manufactured product is manufactured A speed of filing an uncured light curing resin in a space for a next layer is enhanced, to improve a manufacturing speed. One surface of a container housing a light curing resin is configured by a gas-permeable sheet that faces the light curing resin, and transmits irradiation light of a light irradiating apparatus, and a light transmitting plate disposed at an outer side of the container from the gas permeable member. A pressurizing chamber controllable in pressure by a pressure controlling apparatus is defined between the gas-permeable sheet and the light transmitting plate. At moving a manufacturing stage, an inside of the pressurizing chamber is de-pressurized to cause the gas-permeable sheet to perform concave surface deformation, and at a time of performing light irradiation, gas in the pressurizing chamber is caused to permeate into the light curing resin by pressurizing.

Provided herein are rechargeable battery (e.g., Li-ion and Li-metal anode) catholytes and electrolyte separators that include a chemically cross-linked polymer and a solvent selected from the group consisting of a nitrile, a dinitrile, or a combination thereof; processes for making and using the same; and rechargeable batteries and electrochemical cells that include high voltage stable catholytes and/or electrolyte separators.

In one aspect, a chelating phosphine-phosphonic diamide (PPDA) ligand is described herein for constructing transition metal complexes operable for catalysis of olefin polymerization, including copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomer.