A radiation-sensitive resin composition includes a polymer component having first, second and third structural units, and a radiation-sensitive acid generating component including first and second radiation-sensitive acid generating agents. The first structural unit includes a group represented by formula (1). The second structural unit includes a hydroxyl group bonded to an aromatic ring. The third structural unit includes an acid-labile group. A sulfonic acid generated by the first acid generating agent includes a carbon atom that is adjacent to a sulfo group, and a fluorine atom or monovalent fluorinated hydrocarbon group bonded to the carbon atom. A sulfonic acid generated by the second acid generating agent includes a carbon atom that is adjacent to a sulfo group, and a carbon atom that is adjacent to the carbon atom, wherein neither a fluorine atom nor a monovalent fluorinated hydrocarbon group is bonded to the carbon atoms.

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A chemically amplified resist composition comprising a quencher containing an iodonium iodide and an acid generator exhibits a sensitizing effect and an acid diffusion suppressing effect and forms a pattern having improved resolution, LWR and CDU.

A chemically amplified resist composition comprising a quencher containing an iodonium iodide and an acid generator exhibits a sensitizing effect and an acid diffusion suppressing effect and forms a pattern having improved resolution, LWR and CDU.

Provided is a collection of polymer beads, wherein the volume distribution expressed as a function of bead diameter comprises (A1) a first peak having a maximum of PM1 at diameter PD1 and having full width at half maximum of 75 m or less, (A2) a second peak having a maximum of PM2 at diameter PD2 and having full width at half maximum of 75 m or less; and (B1) a valley having a minimum value of VM1 at a diameter between PD1 and PD2, wherein VM1 is less than 0.25*PM1 and VM1 is also less than 0.25*PM2.
wherein the polymer beads comprise polymerized units of one or more monofunctional vinyl monomer and one or more multifunctional vinyl monomer.

Methods are described for activating a glass fiber or flake to participate in polymerizing a resin. The methods may include sizing the glass fiber or flake with a sizing composition that includes a solution containing a polymerization initiator, and activating the polymerization initiator by forming a free radical moiety on the polymerization initiator that can initiate the polymerization of the resin. Additional methods of making a glass reinforced composite are described. The methods may include sizing glass fibers or flakes with a sizing composition that includes a solution containing a polymerization initiator, forming a free radical moiety on the polymerization initiator to make activated glass fibers or flakes, and contacting the activated glass fibers or flakes with a polymer resin. The activated glass fibers or flakes initiate the polymerization of the resin around the glass fibers or flakes to form the glass reinforced composite.

Methods are described for activating a glass fiber or flake to participate in polymerizing a resin. The methods may include sizing the glass fiber or flake with a sizing composition that includes a solution containing a polymerization initiator, and activating the polymerization initiator by forming a free radical moiety on the polymerization initiator that can initiate the polymerization of the resin. Additional methods of making a glass reinforced composite are described. The methods may include sizing glass fibers or flakes with a sizing composition that includes a solution containing a polymerization initiator, forming a free radical moiety on the polymerization initiator to make activated glass fibers or flakes, and contacting the activated glass fibers or flakes with a polymer resin. The activated glass fibers or flakes initiate the polymerization of the resin around the glass fibers or flakes to form the glass reinforced composite.

A precatalyst for the polymerization of -olefins, having the formula Fe.sub.uM.sup.alc.sub.vX.sub.w(LA).sub.y(LB).sub.z wherein: M.sup.alc is an alkali metal and/or an alkaline-earth metal; X is an anion; LA is a Lewis acid; LB is a Lewis base; u is from 0.001 to 10; v is an integer 1; w is from 1 to 20; y is from 0 to 10; z is from 0 to 10.

A precatalyst for the polymerization of -olefins, having the formula Fe.sub.uM.sup.alc.sub.vX.sub.w(LA).sub.y(LB).sub.z wherein: M.sup.alc is an alkali metal and/or an alkaline-earth metal; X is an anion; LA is a Lewis acid; LB is a Lewis base; u is from 0.001 to 10; v is an integer 1; w is from 1 to 20; y is from 0 to 10; z is from 0 to 10.

Processes for preparing oleophobic and hydrophobic coatings on a substrate. More particularly, the disclosure relates to omniphobic surface treatment of substrates such as glass, ceramic, glass-ceramic, and the like.

A fluorine-free treating composition that includes Component A and at least one of Components B and C, wherein: Component (A) includes one or more polymeric compounds derived from the polymerization of at least one (meth)acrylate monomer comprising at least one hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 60 carbon atoms; Component (B) includes one or more compounds derived from reaction, in one or more steps, of components comprising: (i) at least one isocyanate-reactive oligomer comprising 2 to 20 repeating units, or an alcohol having at least one linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally one or more ester groups; (ii) at least one polyisocyanate; (iii) optionally at least one additional isocyanate-reactive compound; and (iv) optionally at least one isocyanate blocking agent; and Component (C) includes one or more polycarbodiimide compounds.