A method of the modification of the silicon surface that is used as an anode active material in lithium ion batteries, with all of the monomers and derivatives thereof (acrylate group, methacrylate group, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid and salts thereof) that contain an acrylic or methacrylic group.

A method of the modification of the silicon surface that is used as an anode active material in lithium ion batteries, with all of the monomers and derivatives thereof (acrylate group, methacrylate group, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid and salts thereof) that contain an acrylic or methacrylic group.

The present invention provides a method for producing a porous base material having a pore with a surface modified, the method being unlikely to limit a material of the porous base material and being suitable for controlling characteristics of the porous base material by introducing a polymer chain into a surface of a pore of the porous base material while inhibiting a change in a structure of the porous base material itself. The production method of the present invention includes: forming a base layer having a polymerization initiating group in such a manner as to cover a surface of a pore of a porous base material; and allowing a monomer group to be in contact with the base layer and thereby polymerizing the monomer group by the polymerization initiating group.

There are provided an active-energy-ray-curable resin composition of which a cured coating film has a high surface hardness, high transparency, high resistance to curling, and high surface smoothness; a coating material containing such a resin composition; a coating film formed of the coating material; and a film containing a layer of the coating film. In particular, an active-energy-ray-curable resin composition containing fine wet-process silica particles (A) subjected to a hydrophobic treatment and a compound (B) having a (meth)acryloyl group is provided. Also provided are a coating material containing such a resin composition, a coating film formed by curing the coating material, and a laminated film having a layer of the coating film.

There are provided an active-energy-ray-curable resin composition of which a cured coating film has a high surface hardness, high transparency, high resistance to curling, and high surface smoothness; a coating material containing such a resin composition; a coating film formed of the coating material; and a film containing a layer of the coating film. In particular, an active-energy-ray-curable resin composition containing fine wet-process silica particles (A) subjected to a hydrophobic treatment and a compound (B) having a (meth)acryloyl group is provided. Also provided are a coating material containing such a resin composition, a coating film formed by curing the coating material, and a laminated film having a layer of the coating film.

According to the present invention, increase in a dynamic friction force can be suppressed and cleaning performance of a cleaning member can be improved under any operating environment without additionally providing a special mechanism. An intermediate transfer member includes a substrate layer and a surface layer, the surface layer contains a cured product of a polymerizable monomer, and the monomer contains a compound represented by the following formula (1):

A-[(L-B).sub.k-D].sub.m(D).sub.l  (1) wherein A represents a tetra- or higher-valent organic group, B independently represents an alkylene oxide group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, D independently represents a (meth)acryloyl group, L independently represents —(CO)— or a single bond, k independently represents an integer of 1 or more, l represents an integer of 0 to 3, m represents an integer of 2 or more, and a sum of l and m represents an integer of 3 or more.

There is provided a curable composition, which forms a cured product with high light transmittance, a high refractive index, and high scratch resistance, a cured product thereof, and an optical member. A curable composition contains zirconium oxide nanoparticles, a dispersant, and a (meth)acrylate compound. The dispersant has an acid value in the range of 100 to 300 mgKOH/g. The (meth)acrylate compound contains a (meth)acrylate compound having a poly(alkylene oxide) structure.

There is provided a curable composition, which forms a cured product with high light transmittance, a high refractive index, and high scratch resistance, a cured product thereof, and an optical member. A curable composition contains zirconium oxide nanoparticles, a dispersant, and a (meth)acrylate compound. The dispersant has an acid value in the range of 100 to 300 mgKOH/g. The (meth)acrylate compound contains a (meth)acrylate compound having a poly(alkylene oxide) structure.

A method of forming a patterned polymer layer on a substrate and a substrate having a polymer layer formed by the method. The method includes providing a substrate comprising a first surface having a first surface energy and a pattern located on the substrate forming a second surface having a second, lower surface energy than the first surface, and selectively depositing a polymeric layer onto the first surface using a monomer material in an initiated chemical vapor deposition process, wherein the initiated chemical vapor deposition process is operated under supersaturation conditions during the deposition process.

A method of forming a patterned polymer layer on a substrate and a substrate having a polymer layer formed by the method. The method includes providing a substrate comprising a first surface having a first surface energy and a pattern located on the substrate forming a second surface having a second, lower surface energy than the first surface, and selectively depositing a polymeric layer onto the first surface using a monomer material in an initiated chemical vapor deposition process, wherein the initiated chemical vapor deposition process is operated under supersaturation conditions during the deposition process.