Provided herein are membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for CO.sub.x reduction. According to various embodiments, the MEAs are configured to address challenges particular to CO.sub.x including managing water in the MEA. Bipolar and anion-exchange membrane (AEM)-only MEAs are described along with components thereof and related methods of fabrication.

Provided herein are membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for CO.sub.x reduction. According to various embodiments, the MEAs are configured to address challenges particular to CO.sub.x including managing water in the MEA. Bipolar and anion-exchange membrane (AEM)-only MEAs are described along with components thereof and related methods of fabrication.

The disclosure generally relates to a dispersion of nanoparticles in a liquid medium. The liquid medium is suitably water-based and further includes an ionic liquid-based stabilizer in the liquid medium to stabilize the dispersion of nanoparticles therein. The stabilizer can be polymeric or monomeric and generally includes a moiety with at least one quaternary ammonium cation from a corresponding ionic liquid. The dispersion suitably can be formed by shearing or otherwise mixing a mixture/combination of its components. The dispersions can be used to form nanoparticle composite films upon drying or otherwise removing the liquid medium carrier, with the stabilizer providing a nanoparticle binder in the composite film. The films can be formed on essentially any desired substrate and can impart improved electrical conductivity and/or thermal conductivity properties to the substrate.

Provided is a cation exchange membrane having a stable ion exchange performance during usage, being excellent in basic properties such as membrane resistance and ion transportation as well as strength, and useful for electrodialysis and a method for producing the same. The cation exchange membrane is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer including an anionic group-containing anionic polymer segment and a vinyl alcohol polymer segment, and having a microphase separation structure having a domain size (X) in a range from 0 nm<X≦150 nm. The method is composed of forming a membrane from a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer which is adjusted to contain salts in a proportion that the salt weight (C) relative to the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer weight (P) is [(C)/(P)] of 4.5/95.5 or lower.

Provided is a cation exchange membrane having a stable ion exchange performance during usage, being excellent in basic properties such as membrane resistance and ion transportation as well as strength, and useful for electrodialysis and a method for producing the same. The cation exchange membrane is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer including an anionic group-containing anionic polymer segment and a vinyl alcohol polymer segment, and having a microphase separation structure having a domain size (X) in a range from 0 nm<X≦150 nm. The method is composed of forming a membrane from a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer which is adjusted to contain salts in a proportion that the salt weight (C) relative to the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer weight (P) is [(C)/(P)] of 4.5/95.5 or lower.

Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, a protection film, an optical laminate, a polarizing plate, and a display device. Provided is the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in various physical properties, such as endurance reliability, has excellent antistatic characteristics that change little over time. The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can be used for a protection film, or can be used for an optical film, such as a polarizing plate, for example.

The present invention relates to a humidity-sensing structural color emitting laminate and a structural color display device self-powered by triboelectricity including the same, and more specifically to a structural color display device self-powered by triboelectricity, which can directly sense humidity among human body signals and display the same in structural color immediately without a separate power source and without data processing, and a humidity-sensing structural color emitting laminate for implementing the same.

Disclosed are multi-block polymers and blends thereof having high electrical conductivity and adhesion. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the same.

Provided are a surface treatment agent for powder capable of being used to produce a dispersion superior in dispersibility, fluidity and temporal stability; and a dispersion containing a powder treated with such surface treatment agent for powder. The agent is a diblock copolymer whose main chain is comprised of a silicone graft copolymer block represented by a formula [I] and a polar copolymer block represented by a formula [II], wherein one end structure of the main chain is represented by a formula [III], and the other end structure of the main chain is represented by a formula [IV], the formulae [I] to [IV] being expressed as

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wherein A represents an organopolysiloxane-containing group; B represents a polar group-containing monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an amino group or a hydroxyl group.

Provided herein are microphase-separated materials including a plurality of block copolymers tethered together at their A-B junction points. The tethered-together block copolymers, referred to as a block copolymer bottlebrush, provide microphase-separated materials having smaller domain spacing than previously achievable using block copolymer systems.