The present invention discloses a method for soil moisture retrieval using multi-channel collaboration algorithm and passive microwave radiometry, including establishing mathematical relationship formula between brightness temperatures at any two channels according to microwave radiative transfer equation; collecting actual brightness temperatures of core channel and collaborative channels; selecting parameters to be retrieved including soil moisture value; giving a series of estimated values of parameters to be retrieved, calculating a series of predicted brightness temperatures of collaborative channels according to actual brightness temperature of core channel, microwave radiative transfer equation and mathematical relationship formula, comparing predicted brightness temperatures with actual brightness temperature, and determining soil moisture value.

The present invention discloses a method for soil moisture retrieval using multi-channel collaboration algorithm and passive microwave radiometry, including establishing mathematical relationship formula between brightness temperatures at any two channels according to microwave radiative transfer equation; collecting actual brightness temperatures of core channel and collaborative channels; selecting parameters to be retrieved including soil moisture value; giving a series of estimated values of parameters to be retrieved, calculating a series of predicted brightness temperatures of collaborative channels according to actual brightness temperature of core channel, microwave radiative transfer equation and mathematical relationship formula, comparing predicted brightness temperatures with actual brightness temperature, and determining soil moisture value.

A method for planting crops that involves covering the planted seeds of the crop with an elongate sheet of mulch. The elongate sheet of mulch has lateral edges that determine its width. A combustible cord that is affixed to it between the lateral edges. The combustible cord may be formed within plies of the mulch or adhered thereto. The mulch is placed over the planted crop and held in place over the crop. This may be done by burying lateral edges of the mulch. When a user of the mulch wishes to remove the mulch, he will burn the combustible cord and that will separate the mulch along the cord.

A method for planting crops that involves covering the planted seeds of the crop with an elongate sheet of mulch. The elongate sheet of mulch has lateral edges that determine its width. A combustible cord that is affixed to it between the lateral edges. The combustible cord may be formed within plies of the mulch or adhered thereto. The mulch is placed over the planted crop and held in place over the crop. This may be done by burying lateral edges of the mulch. When a user of the mulch wishes to remove the mulch, he will burn the combustible cord and that will separate the mulch along the cord.

A conversion kit for a debris clearing device, having a mounting frame with a device section for receipt of a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device. The device section has a first mount adapted for connection of a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device to the device section of the mounting frame. A tool bar section is spaced from the device section. The tool bar section has a second mount for attachment of the mounting frame to a tool bar. A central section connects the device section and the tool bar section. The conversion kit allows a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device to be mounted to the device section of the conversion kit and then mounted to a tool bar instead of a seeding unit of an agricultural device.

A conversion kit for a debris clearing device, having a mounting frame with a device section for receipt of a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device. The device section has a first mount adapted for connection of a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device to the device section of the mounting frame. A tool bar section is spaced from the device section. The tool bar section has a second mount for attachment of the mounting frame to a tool bar. A central section connects the device section and the tool bar section. The conversion kit allows a seeding unit mounted debris clearing device to be mounted to the device section of the conversion kit and then mounted to a tool bar instead of a seeding unit of an agricultural device.

Systems and methods are provided for imposing physical actions, by endpoints, based on activities by users. One such method includes storing multiple rules in a data structure, where each of the multiple rules indicates a physical action to be performed in response to an activity, and then receiving, by a computing device, an activity message including data indicative of an activity of a user. The method also includes retrieving, by the computing device, one of the multiple rules from the data structure based on the data indicative of the activity and identifying, by the computing device, the physical action included in the one of the multiple rules. The method then includes transmitting, by the computing device, an order for the identified physical action to an endpoint, whereby the endpoint commands a drone to perform the identified physical action as a response to the activity of the user.

Systems and methods are provided for imposing physical actions, by endpoints, based on activities by users. One such method includes storing multiple rules in a data structure, where each of the multiple rules indicates a physical action to be performed in response to an activity, and then receiving, by a computing device, an activity message including data indicative of an activity of a user. The method also includes retrieving, by the computing device, one of the multiple rules from the data structure based on the data indicative of the activity and identifying, by the computing device, the physical action included in the one of the multiple rules. The method then includes transmitting, by the computing device, an order for the identified physical action to an endpoint, whereby the endpoint commands a drone to perform the identified physical action as a response to the activity of the user.

Processes for direct seeding of guayule seeds into a field and fields produced by the processes. According to these direct seeding processes, treated guayule seeds are mixed with a seed starting mixture to produce a planting mixture that is applied to exposed soil of a field. The applied planting mixture is then pressed or compressed which facilitates germination of the guayule seeds into seedlings.

A soil apparatus (e.g., seed firmer) having a locking system is described herein. In one embodiment, the soil apparatus includes a lower base portion for engaging in soil of an agricultural field, an upper base portion, and a neck portion having protrusions to insert into the lower base portion of a base and then lock when a region of the upper base portion is inserted into the lower base portion and this region of the upper base portion presses the protrusions to lock the neck portion to the upper base portion.