A biodegradable foam which includes a poly-ester-based polyurethane foam and a mixture comprised of a soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria embedded in a carrier compound. The mixture of the soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria is homogenously dispersed throughout the polyester-based polyurethane foam. This biodegradable foam exhibits biodegradation rates higher than a polyester-based polyurethane foam absent the soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria.

Shapeable composites and methods of use and manufacturing arc described herein. The shapeable composites may include a polymer and a functional filler, e.g., the functional filler present in an amount greater than or equal to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the shapeable composite. The shapeable composite may be a foam composite having a viscoelasticity, such that the shapeable composite is configured to be reshaped.

Shapeable composites and methods of use and manufacturing arc described herein. The shapeable composites may include a polymer and a functional filler, e.g., the functional filler present in an amount greater than or equal to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the shapeable composite. The shapeable composite may be a foam composite having a viscoelasticity, such that the shapeable composite is configured to be reshaped.

Foam composites and methods of preparation thereof are discussed. For example, the foam composite may include a polymeric material and a particulate filler, wherein the compressive strength of the foam composite is equal to or greater than 20 psi, the density is 4 pcf to 40 pcf, and wherein the thermal conductivity is equal to or less than 0.050 W/m K. the particulate filler may include fly ash, e.g., in an amount of about of 45% to about 75% by weight with respect to the total weight of the foam composite. The foam composite may be prepared from a mixture of a polyol, an isocyanate, the particulate filler, and a liquid blowing agent having a boiling point equal to or greater than 25° C. or 30° C.

A composite material having physical characteristics equivalent to particle board materials bonded with resin-based adhesives that contain formaldehyde-urea is formed of reclaimed textile debris comprising fabric scraps and a latex based binder. The binder includes natural rubber latex, sulfur, an anti-oxidant agent and pH adjustment substances. The binder may also include selected amounts of zinc oxide, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate and a stabilizer. Production of the composite material includes mixing the constituents and vulcanization through the application of heat and compression. Cold compression is subsequently applied.

A method for preparing an accelerator for sprayed mortar/concrete is provided. The accelerator includes an organic component, inorganic component aluminum sulfate, an initiator, and a reductant. The organic component in the form of a polymer monomer is added to concrete and polymerized into a polymer network structure in the presence of the initiator and the reductant; and the inorganic component aluminum sulfate promotes rapid hydration of the concrete to form an inorganic network structure. Such organic-inorganic interpenetrating network thickens a cement-based material rapidly to achieve strong adhesion, fast-setting and hardening properties and effectively reduces resilience of the sprayed mortar/concrete. The accelerator prepared by the method is well compatible with all sorts of cement, efficient and environmentally friendly. The organic-inorganic interpenetrating network is formed by polymerization and cement hydration, and therefore, the toughness of the sprayed mortar/concrete is improved by the organic polymer-inorganic compound accelerator.

A method for preparing an accelerator for sprayed mortar/concrete is provided. The accelerator includes an organic component, inorganic component aluminum sulfate, an initiator, and a reductant. The organic component in the form of a polymer monomer is added to concrete and polymerized into a polymer network structure in the presence of the initiator and the reductant; and the inorganic component aluminum sulfate promotes rapid hydration of the concrete to form an inorganic network structure. Such organic-inorganic interpenetrating network thickens a cement-based material rapidly to achieve strong adhesion, fast-setting and hardening properties and effectively reduces resilience of the sprayed mortar/concrete. The accelerator prepared by the method is well compatible with all sorts of cement, efficient and environmentally friendly. The organic-inorganic interpenetrating network is formed by polymerization and cement hydration, and therefore, the toughness of the sprayed mortar/concrete is improved by the organic polymer-inorganic compound accelerator.

An anisotropic conductive film includes conductive particles disposed in an insulating resin layer. Zigzag arrangements are arranged at a predetermined pitch in an x direction on an xy plane in a plan view of the anisotropic conductive film with positions thereof in a y direction being periodically altered. The zigzag arrangements each include an arrangement Rb and an arrangement Rc repeatedly provided at predetermined intervals in the y direction. The arrangement Rb includes the conductive particles arranged at a positive inclination, and the arrangement Rc includes the conductive particles arranged at a negative inclination. This configuration can form a pseudo random regular disposition.

An anisotropic conductive film includes conductive particles disposed in an insulating resin layer. Zigzag arrangements are arranged at a predetermined pitch in an x direction on an xy plane in a plan view of the anisotropic conductive film with positions thereof in a y direction being periodically altered. The zigzag arrangements each include an arrangement Rb and an arrangement Rc repeatedly provided at predetermined intervals in the y direction. The arrangement Rb includes the conductive particles arranged at a positive inclination, and the arrangement Rc includes the conductive particles arranged at a negative inclination. This configuration can form a pseudo random regular disposition.

This disclosure provides methods for grinding biochar composition for use as a filler in elastomeric compositions. Such methods include providing a biochar composition comprising particulate, and grinding the biochar composition with a grinding fluid until the biochar is characterized as having an average particulate size less than substantially 1 micrometer. Optionally, such methods may include passivating the biochar composition during or after grinding by covering a sufficient portion of the surface pores sized 10 nanometer and smaller of the particulate forming the ground biochar composition. Curable elastomeric compositions including biochar and cured elastomeric products are also provided.