This invention relates to water-soluble or water-swellable polymers, containing a) 25-35 mol. % of one or more recurrent structural units of formula (1), where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, A represents a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkylene, and Q.sup.+stands for NH.sub.4.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.++, Mg.sup.++, Zn.sup.++, Al.sup.+++, or organic ammonium ions of the formula [HNR.sup.5R.sup.6R.sup.7].sup.+, b) 3 to 8 mol. % of one or more recurrent structural units of formula (2), where R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, X.sup.+stands for H.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.++, Mg.sup.++, Zn.sup.++, Al.sup.+++, or organic ammonium ions of the formula [HNR.sup.5R.sup.6R.sup.7].sup.+, B is a linear or branched alkylene group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is a whole number between 0 and 5, and c) 57 to 72 mol. % of a (meth)acrylamide.

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This invention relates to water-soluble or water-swellable polymers, containing a) 25-35 mol. % of one or more recurrent structural units of formula (1), where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, A represents a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkylene, and Q.sup.+stands for NH.sub.4.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.++, Mg.sup.++, Zn.sup.++, Al.sup.+++, or organic ammonium ions of the formula [HNR.sup.5R.sup.6R.sup.7].sup.+, b) 3 to 8 mol. % of one or more recurrent structural units of formula (2), where R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, X.sup.+stands for H.sup.+, NH.sub.4.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.++, Mg.sup.++, Zn.sup.++, Al.sup.+++, or organic ammonium ions of the formula [HNR.sup.5R.sup.6R.sup.7].sup.+, B is a linear or branched alkylene group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is a whole number between 0 and 5, and c) 57 to 72 mol. % of a (meth)acrylamide.

##STR00001##

##STR00002##

Carrageenan-based compositions containing a carrageenan, a starch, a plasticizer, water, and an optional buffer are disclosed, in which the carrageenan has both a potassium content of less than 4 wt. % and a viscosity configured to produce capsules on pressure-free rotary die equipment. Films and capsules can be formed from the carrageenan-based compositions.

Carrageenan-based compositions containing a carrageenan, a starch, a plasticizer, water, and an optional buffer are disclosed, in which the carrageenan has both a potassium content of less than 4 wt. % and a viscosity configured to produce capsules on pressure-free rotary die equipment. Films and capsules can be formed from the carrageenan-based compositions.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as hydroxy-carboxylic acids and hydroxy-carboxylic acid derivatives.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as hydroxy-carboxylic acids and hydroxy-carboxylic acid derivatives.

Biodegradable polyester article comprising enzymes. The present invention relates to novel biodegradable plastic articles comprising a polyester and biological entities able to degrade such polyester, and wherein the biological entities are homogeneously dispersed in the plastic articles. The invention also relates to a process for producing such plastic articles, comprising a step of mixing biological entities with a selected carrier in a liquid composition or in a masterbatch with the polyester.

Biodegradable polyester article comprising enzymes. The present invention relates to novel biodegradable plastic articles comprising a polyester and biological entities able to degrade such polyester, and wherein the biological entities are homogeneously dispersed in the plastic articles. The invention also relates to a process for producing such plastic articles, comprising a step of mixing biological entities with a selected carrier in a liquid composition or in a masterbatch with the polyester.

An embodiment relates to a multi-layer, biaxially oriented polyester (BOPET) film comprising a food contact substance, wherein the BOPET has a percent release in a retort test after can lamination such that substantially all food contacting the BOPET during the retort test is released. Another embodiment relates to a method comprising applying a food contact material comprising a food contact substance to a multi-layer, biaxially oriented polyester (BOPET) film, wherein the food contact material is prepared at around room temperature without heating.

An embodiment relates to a multi-layer, biaxially oriented polyester (BOPET) film comprising a food contact substance, wherein the BOPET has a percent release in a retort test after can lamination such that substantially all food contacting the BOPET during the retort test is released. Another embodiment relates to a method comprising applying a food contact material comprising a food contact substance to a multi-layer, biaxially oriented polyester (BOPET) film, wherein the food contact material is prepared at around room temperature without heating.