A method for inactivating pathogens is described, comprising the steps of: partially deacylating a poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) to yield a copolymer, an alkyl in the poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) comprising a hydrocarbon chain, the copolymer comprising: first monomers, the first monomers comprising a NH.sub.2.sup.+CH.sub.2CH.sub.2 group; and second monomers, the second monomers comprising an acyl group, C(O)R, attached to a nitrogen in a polymer backbone group comprising NCH.sub.2CH.sub.2, wherein R comprises the hydrocarbon chain, the first monomers and the second monomers arranged in any order in the copolymer; preparing a formulation, the formulation comprising the copolymer and a total cationic charge in a range of 0.2 to 10 C/cm.sup.3, the total cationic charge at least 95% offset by counteranions in the formulation; contacting the pathogens with the formulation; and inactivating at least ninety percent of the pathogens within ninety minutes of the step of contacting.

An optical element material which is obtained by curing a resin composition for photoimprinting containing a photocurable monomer (A) of the formula (1) and a photocurable monomer (B) of the formula (2) in a weight ratio of from 30/70 to 87/13, and containing a photopolymerization initiator (C) in a content of from 0.01 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the monomer (A) and the monomer (B), and which has a shrinkage on curing of at most 4.5%, and a method for producing it: ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is CHCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCHCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2C(CH.sub.3) CH.sub.2 or a glycidyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently OCHCH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCHCH.sub.2, OCOCHCH.sub.2, OCOC(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCOCHCH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCOC(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 or a glycidyl ether group; and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group.

An optical element material which is obtained by curing a resin composition for photoimprinting containing a photocurable monomer (A) of the formula (1) and a photocurable monomer (B) of the formula (2) in a weight ratio of from 30/70 to 87/13, and containing a photopolymerization initiator (C) in a content of from 0.01 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the monomer (A) and the monomer (B), and which has a shrinkage on curing of at most 4.5%, and a method for producing it: ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is CHCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCHCH.sub.2, CH.sub.2C(CH.sub.3) CH.sub.2 or a glycidyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently OCHCH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCHCH.sub.2, OCOCHCH.sub.2, OCOC(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCOCHCH.sub.2, OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCOC(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 or a glycidyl ether group; and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group.

This invention is method of producing a creping cylinder adhesive comprising: contacting a dry form PVOH with a liquid form PVA at a temperature of less than 80 C., maintaining the PVOH and PVA at a temperature of between 90-95 C. until the PVOH is completely dissolved into a medium, and allowing the medium to cool to below 80 C.

This invention is method of producing a creping cylinder adhesive comprising: contacting a dry form PVOH with a liquid form PVA at a temperature of less than 80 C., maintaining the PVOH and PVA at a temperature of between 90-95 C. until the PVOH is completely dissolved into a medium, and allowing the medium to cool to below 80 C.

A method for treating a pathogen is described, comprising the steps of: (1) spraying a formulation onto a substrate, the formulation comprising: a charged polymer comprising charged monomers, counterions to the charged monomers; and, an adhesion promoter; (2) drying the formulation to yield a film comprising a critical load of adhesion in a range of 10 to 600 N; (3) contacting the pathogen with the film; and (4) inactivating, with the film, at least fifty percent of the pathogen within thirty minutes of the step of contacting, where the adhesion promoter is optionally an antipathogen, such as a polydiallyldimethylammonium salt.

Polymer complex obtained by polymerization of water-soluble monomers: in the presence of a host polymer comprising vinylamine functions and of a non-polymeric transfer agent, and in the absence of branching or crosslinking agent of ethylenic polyfunctional type.

Polymer complex obtained by polymerization of water-soluble monomers: in the presence of a host polymer comprising vinylamine functions and of a non-polymeric transfer agent, and in the absence of branching or crosslinking agent of ethylenic polyfunctional type.

The present disclosure generally relates to glyoxalated polyacrylamide (GPAM) compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof, particularly in the paper industry. Moreover, the present disclosure generally pertains to cationic GPAM compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof in papermaking applications and in products such as paper-based products, wherein the cationic GPAM compositions may provide increased wet and/or dry strength to the paper-based products, and wherein such cationic GPAM compositions optionally require a reduced volume of an aqueous carrier for storage or transport compared to a volume of an aqueous carrier needed for conventional GPAMs used in papermaking.