A resin composition includes a resin A, a resin C, and a solvent. The resin A includes a sulfonic-acid-group-containing structural unit in an amount exceeding 5 mol % with respect to total structural units included in the resin A. The resin A has a content of a fluorine atom of 30 mass % or less with respect to a total mass of the resin A. The resin C includes a fluorine atom in a larger content per unit mass than the content of a fluorine atom per unit mass in the resin A. A content of the resin A in the resin composition is lower than a content of the resin C in the resin composition in terms of mass.

The present disclosure provides a pH-sensitive membranolytic polymer material and a preparation method and application thereof. The pH-sensitive membranolytic polymer material has the structure shown in Formula (I). At normal physiological pH, the polymer material is hydrophobic neutral, and can be self-assembled into PEG coated nanoparticles with weak interaction with cell membrane; when the pH decreases, the polymer material can be protonated to form an amphiphilic structure consisting of hydrophobic domain and cationic domain, which has strong interaction with the cell membrane and strong membranolytic activity, so the polymer material can kill tumor cells or bacteria efficiently and selectively.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides a pH-sensitive membranolytic polymer material and a preparation method and application thereof. The pH-sensitive membranolytic polymer material has the structure shown in Formula (I). At normal physiological pH, the polymer material is hydrophobic neutral, and can be self-assembled into PEG coated nanoparticles with weak interaction with cell membrane; when the pH decreases, the polymer material can be protonated to form an amphiphilic structure consisting of hydrophobic domain and cationic domain, which has strong interaction with the cell membrane and strong membranolytic activity, so the polymer material can kill tumor cells or bacteria efficiently and selectively.

##STR00001##

A polymer includes a repeating unit represented by at least one of Formula 1a or Formula 1b: ##STR00001## wherein, in Formulae 1a or 1b, CY.sub.1 is a group represented by at least one of Formula 1-2 or Formula 1-4, CY.sub.2 is a group represented by Formula 1-3, and L.sub.1, L.sub.2, a1, and a2 are defined the same as in the specification, and ##STR00002## in Formulae 1-2, Formula 1-3, or 1-4, X, Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.11 to R.sub.14, b1, b2, R.sub.21, R.sub.22, b21, b22, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, c1, and c2 are defined the same as in the specification.

A polymer includes a repeating unit represented by at least one of Formula 1a or Formula 1b: ##STR00001## wherein, in Formulae 1a or 1b, CY.sub.1 is a group represented by at least one of Formula 1-2 or Formula 1-4, CY.sub.2 is a group represented by Formula 1-3, and L.sub.1, L.sub.2, a1, and a2 are defined the same as in the specification, and ##STR00002## in Formulae 1-2, Formula 1-3, or 1-4, X, Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.11 to R.sub.14, b1, b2, R.sub.21, R.sub.22, b21, b22, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, c1, and c2 are defined the same as in the specification.

A device substrate is provided with an increased light transmittance that is a resin film resistant to thermal decomposition in high temperature processes, along with a production method for a device substrate, a device, and a production method for a device, where a resin composition designed to produce a resin film to be used as a substrate for a display device or light receiving device, comprises (a) a resin that has a repeating unit as represented by the chemical formula (1) or (2) as a primary component and (b) a chemical compound as represented by the chemical formula (3) and/or a condensation product thereof,

##STR00001##

wherein in the chemical formulae (1) and (2), X, Y, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined, and

Si(OR.sup.11).sub.n(R.sup.12).sub.4-n  (3)

wherein in the chemical formula (3), R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are as defined.

A device substrate is provided with an increased light transmittance that is a resin film resistant to thermal decomposition in high temperature processes, along with a production method for a device substrate, a device, and a production method for a device, where a resin composition designed to produce a resin film to be used as a substrate for a display device or light receiving device, comprises (a) a resin that has a repeating unit as represented by the chemical formula (1) or (2) as a primary component and (b) a chemical compound as represented by the chemical formula (3) and/or a condensation product thereof,

##STR00001##

wherein in the chemical formulae (1) and (2), X, Y, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined, and

Si(OR.sup.11).sub.n(R.sup.12).sub.4-n  (3)

wherein in the chemical formula (3), R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are as defined.

The present invention generally relates to artificial photosystems and methods of their use, for example in artificial photosynthesis, wherein the artificial photosystems comprise one or more light-harvesting antenna (LHA) comprising a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) complex (CPEC) comprising a donor CPE and an acceptor CPE, wherein the donor CPE and acceptor CPE are an electronic energy transfer (EET) donor/acceptor pair.

The present invention generally relates to artificial photosystems and methods of their use, for example in artificial photosynthesis, wherein the artificial photosystems comprise one or more light-harvesting antenna (LHA) comprising a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) complex (CPEC) comprising a donor CPE and an acceptor CPE, wherein the donor CPE and acceptor CPE are an electronic energy transfer (EET) donor/acceptor pair.

The invention provides a method of preparing an electrically conductive polymeric material. The method comprises providing a polymeric network having a short chain conductive polymer dispersed in the polymeric network and electropolymerising a conductive polymer within the polymeric network. Also described is a free standing flexible electrically conductive polymeric material comprising a conductive polymer within a polymeric network.