The invention relates to biomaterials based on plastics, such as polyaryl polyether ketone (PEK), and to methods for producing and using same. The following describes how a mechanically stable coating made of a porous bone substitute material, e.g. Nano Bone®, is applied to polyaryl polyether ketone (PEK), e.g. polyether ether ketone (PEEK), as a result of which the problem of poor cell adhesion on plastics surfaces of this kind can be solved. The bone substitute material can be applied both dry as a powder and also in a wet spraying method. The coating is a result of briefly melting the polymer surface and the resulting partial penetration of the previously applied layer. In the process, the molten polymer penetrates into nanopores of the bone substitute material and thus establishes a firm connection.

The present invention is a water-dispersible resin composition containing: a resin α that includes, in the main chain thereof, a structure M having two aromatic rings linked by a sulfide group, a sulfonyl group, an imide group, or a keto group; and a resin β having a hydrophilic group, the resins α and β being configured to form a co-continuous structure including three-dimensional continuous phases of the resins α and β. The present invention can provide a water-dispersible resin composition that maintains the heat resistance of the polymer material and can be removed only with water.

The present invention is a water-dispersible resin composition containing: a resin α that includes, in the main chain thereof, a structure M having two aromatic rings linked by a sulfide group, a sulfonyl group, an imide group, or a keto group; and a resin β having a hydrophilic group, the resins α and β being configured to form a co-continuous structure including three-dimensional continuous phases of the resins α and β. The present invention can provide a water-dispersible resin composition that maintains the heat resistance of the polymer material and can be removed only with water.

Compositions of at least one matrix polymer that may be a thermoplastic and/or curable polymer having at least one functional group for crosslinking for use in forming articles are disclosed as well as methods for making such articles, wherein the compositions and methods include a carbon nanostructure additive that is three-dimensional, branched and crosslinked. The resulting articles can in one embodiment provide a volume resistivity level of about 0.5 ohm-cm or less which are useful in applications requiring conductivity sufficient to provide electromagnetic interference shielding and/or radio frequency interference shielding. Other articles formed using compositions disclosed herein in other embodiments can demonstrate dissipative and/or quantum tunneling effects and so are useful as self-sensing pressure sensitive articles, such as self-sensing seals.

Compositions of at least one matrix polymer that may be a thermoplastic and/or curable polymer having at least one functional group for crosslinking for use in forming articles are disclosed as well as methods for making such articles, wherein the compositions and methods include a carbon nanostructure additive that is three-dimensional, branched and crosslinked. The resulting articles can in one embodiment provide a volume resistivity level of about 0.5 ohm-cm or less which are useful in applications requiring conductivity sufficient to provide electromagnetic interference shielding and/or radio frequency interference shielding. Other articles formed using compositions disclosed herein in other embodiments can demonstrate dissipative and/or quantum tunneling effects and so are useful as self-sensing pressure sensitive articles, such as self-sensing seals.

The invention describes powders for use in the production of spatial structures, i.e. molded bodies, using layer build-up methods, as well as methods for their efficient production. The powders have the special feature that they have good flow behavior, for one thing, and at the same time, have such a composition that the molded body that can be produced with the powder, using rapid prototyping, has significantly improved mechanical and/or thermal properties. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the powder has a first component that is present in the form of essentially spherical powder particles, which is formed by a matrix material, and at least one further component in the form of stiffening and/or reinforcing fibers, which are preferably embedded in the matrix material.

The invention describes powders for use in the production of spatial structures, i.e. molded bodies, using layer build-up methods, as well as methods for their efficient production. The powders have the special feature that they have good flow behavior, for one thing, and at the same time, have such a composition that the molded body that can be produced with the powder, using rapid prototyping, has significantly improved mechanical and/or thermal properties. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the powder has a first component that is present in the form of essentially spherical powder particles, which is formed by a matrix material, and at least one further component in the form of stiffening and/or reinforcing fibers, which are preferably embedded in the matrix material.

A reinforcement sheet has a composite layer including fibres and a polymer A and a coating layer including polymer B, each polymer having at least 65 mol % of a repeat unit of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein for each polymer A and B, t1, and w1 independently represent 0 or 1 and v1 represents 0, 1 or 2. A method of forming the reinforcement sheet is also disclosed, in addition to a method for forming an article comprising a laminate of the reinforcement sheets and the article comprising such a laminate. The repeat unit may be ether-ether-ketone.

A reinforcement sheet has a composite layer including fibres and a polymer A and a coating layer including polymer B, each polymer having at least 65 mol % of a repeat unit of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein for each polymer A and B, t1, and w1 independently represent 0 or 1 and v1 represents 0, 1 or 2. A method of forming the reinforcement sheet is also disclosed, in addition to a method for forming an article comprising a laminate of the reinforcement sheets and the article comprising such a laminate. The repeat unit may be ether-ether-ketone.

The present invention provides compound of formulae (A1), (A2), (B1), (B2), (C1) and (C2) which can form a layer having water-repellency, oil-repellency and antifouling property as well as high friction durability:

##STR00001##

wherein each symbols are as defined in the specification.