An optical film includes a polarizer. The polarizer includes a base layer, and a material of the base layer is obtained by dyeing a base material with a dye. The base material includes a polyvinyl alcohol material, and the dye is selected from blue dichroism organic dyes.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

Provided are: an aromatic amine derivative in which a terminal substituent such as a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring is bonded to a nitrogen atom directly or through an arylene group or the like; an organic electroluminescence device including an organic thin film layer formed of one or more layers including a light emitting layer and interposed between a cathode and an anode in which a layer of the organic thin film layer contains the aromatic amine derivative by itself or as a component of a mixture, and the device has a long lifetime and high luminous efficiency; and an aromatic amine derivative for realizing the device.

Provided are: an aromatic amine derivative in which a terminal substituent such as a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring is bonded to a nitrogen atom directly or through an arylene group or the like; an organic electroluminescence device including an organic thin film layer formed of one or more layers including a light emitting layer and interposed between a cathode and an anode in which a layer of the organic thin film layer contains the aromatic amine derivative by itself or as a component of a mixture, and the device has a long lifetime and high luminous efficiency; and an aromatic amine derivative for realizing the device.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

The invention provides an anthracene-based organic dye and a preparation method thereof. The organic dye provided by the invention has a structure of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.2-1 to R.sub.2-4 are as defined herein. The organic dye provided by the invention is obtained by modifying an anthracene with R.sub.a and R.sub.b or modifying anthracene-based groups decorated with an aryl group or a heteroaryl group with R.sub.a and R.sub.b, thereby the power conversion efficiency of a dye sensitized solar cell is significantly improved when the organic dye prepared according to the present invention is applied in a dye-sensitized solar cell. Furthermore, the preparation method of the organic dye according to the present invention is quite simple together with abundant raw materials and low cost, making it possible to be commercialized.

The invention provides an anthracene-based organic dye and a preparation method thereof. The organic dye provided by the invention has a structure of formula (I) or formula (II), wherein R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.2-1 to R.sub.2-4 are as defined herein. The organic dye provided by the invention is obtained by modifying an anthracene with R.sub.a and R.sub.b or modifying anthracene-based groups decorated with an aryl group or a heteroaryl group with R.sub.a and R.sub.b, thereby the power conversion efficiency of a dye sensitized solar cell is significantly improved when the organic dye prepared according to the present invention is applied in a dye-sensitized solar cell. Furthermore, the preparation method of the organic dye according to the present invention is quite simple together with abundant raw materials and low cost, making it possible to be commercialized.

This disclosure provides a family of compounds that absorb and fluoresce in the short wave infrared region (SWIR, optionally 1000 nm to 1300 nm), including hydrophilic compounds that exhibit absorption and emission spectral profiles in aqueous solutions substantially similar to those observed in organic solvents such as methanol or DMSO. The compounds can be chemically linked to biomolecules including proteins, nucleic acids, and therapeutic small molecules. The compounds are useful for imaging in a variety of medical, biological and diagnostic applications, including SWIR in vivo imaging of regions of interest within a mammal.