A process for the purification of diaminophenothiazinium compounds, and particularly of methylene blue, is described. The process provides for simple and effective purification by reduction of the post-synthesis or commercially available diaminophenothiazinium compound to form a reduced complex thereof. This can then be purified in a more straightforward manner than the original compound by, for example, recrystallization before being allowed to oxidise back to the diaminophenothiazinium compound.

The present invention relates to organic light emitting elements, comprising thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and/or hosts on basis of phthalimide and naphthalimide materials, which have a sufficiently small energy gap between S.sub.1 and T.sub.1 (ΔE.sub.ST) to enable up-conversion of the triplet exciton from T.sub.1 to S.sub.1. The organic light emitting elements show high electroluminescent efficiency.

The invention relates to a photopolymer formulation comprising a polyol component, a polyisocyanate component, a writing monomer, and a photoinitiator, containing a coinitiator and a dye having the formula F An, where F stands for a cationic dye and An″ stands for an anion, wherein the dye having the formula F An comprises a water absorption of =5%. The invention further relates to a holographic medium, in particular in the form of a film, containing a photopolymer formulation according to the invention, to the use of such a medium for recording holograms, and to a special dye that can be used in the photopolymer formulation according to the invention.

The invention relates to a photopolymer formulation comprising a polyol component, a polyisocyanate component, a writing monomer, and a photoinitiator, containing a coinitiator and a dye having the formula F An, where F stands for a cationic dye and An″ stands for an anion, wherein the dye having the formula F An comprises a water absorption of =5%. The invention further relates to a holographic medium, in particular in the form of a film, containing a photopolymer formulation according to the invention, to the use of such a medium for recording holograms, and to a special dye that can be used in the photopolymer formulation according to the invention.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.

A leuco compound comprises an antioxidant moiety covalently bonded to a leuco moiety. A laundry care composition comprises (a) at least one laundry care ingredient and (b) a leuco compound as described above. A method of treating a textile comprises the steps of (a) providing such a laundry care composition; (b) adding the laundry care composition to a liquid medium; (c) placing textile articles in the liquid medium; (d) optionally, rinsing the textile; and (e) drying the textile articles.

A leuco compound comprises an antioxidant moiety covalently bonded to a leuco moiety. A laundry care composition comprises (a) at least one laundry care ingredient and (b) a leuco compound as described above. A method of treating a textile comprises the steps of (a) providing such a laundry care composition; (b) adding the laundry care composition to a liquid medium; (c) placing textile articles in the liquid medium; (d) optionally, rinsing the textile; and (e) drying the textile articles.

Described are methods of prepraing reduced 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazine (DAPTZ) compounds of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.9 are independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of R.sup.3NA and R.sup.3NB is independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of R.sup.7NA and R.sup.7NB is independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of HX.sup.1 and HX.sup.2 is independently a protic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These methods are particularly usefull for producing stable reduced forms, and with high purity. The stability and purity are especially relevant for pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of disease. The compounds are useful for treatment of e.g. tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, and also as prodrugs for the corresponding oxidized thioninium drugs.

Described are methods of prepraing reduced 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazine (DAPTZ) compounds of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.9 are independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of R.sup.3NA and R.sup.3NB is independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of R.sup.7NA and R.sup.7NB is independently selected from: —H; C.sub.1-4alkyl; C.sub.2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C.sub.1-4alkyl; each of HX.sup.1 and HX.sup.2 is independently a protic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These methods are particularly usefull for producing stable reduced forms, and with high purity. The stability and purity are especially relevant for pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of disease. The compounds are useful for treatment of e.g. tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, and also as prodrugs for the corresponding oxidized thioninium drugs.