Provided are a film having excellent heat resistance and a film forming method. In addition, provided are an optical filter, a laminate, a solid image pickup element, an image display device, and an infrared sensor. The film includes an aggregate of a dye and a resin, in which an average particle size of the aggregate of the dye is 30 to 450 nm.

A carrier system carries a dye (A) and a co-adsorbent (B) represented by general formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein, ring A represents a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle and may further be fused; a hydrogen atom in the ring A may be replaced by a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an OR.sup.2 group, an SR.sup.2 group, or a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent; Z represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group that is interrupted zero to three times by O etc.; Z.sup.1 represents a divalent aromatic group; R.sup.1 represents a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or a phosphonic acid group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent; An.sup.m represents an m-valent anion; m represents an integer of 1 or 2; and p represents a coefficient for keeping the electrical charge neutral.

A carrier system carries a dye (A) and a co-adsorbent (B) represented by general formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein, ring A represents a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle and may further be fused; a hydrogen atom in the ring A may be replaced by a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an OR.sup.2 group, an SR.sup.2 group, or a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent; Z represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group that is interrupted zero to three times by O etc.; Z.sup.1 represents a divalent aromatic group; R.sup.1 represents a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or a phosphonic acid group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent; An.sup.m represents an m-valent anion; m represents an integer of 1 or 2; and p represents a coefficient for keeping the electrical charge neutral.

An infrared-sensitive color developing composition develops colors in a high density with an infrared exposure and does not significantly discolor when aged. A lithographic printing plate precursor which has extremely excellent plate-inspecting properties and favorable storage stability and is capable of maintaining favorable color-developing properties is provided, as is a plate making method for a lithographic printing plate in which the lithographic printing plate precursor is used. A new compound that can be preferably used as an infrared-sensitive color developer is also provided. An infrared-sensitive color developing composition of the invention includes a compound represented by Formula (1) (Component A). In addition, the compound in the present invention is represented by Formula (1). ##STR00001##

An infrared-sensitive color developing composition develops colors in a high density with an infrared exposure and does not significantly discolor when aged. A lithographic printing plate precursor which has extremely excellent plate-inspecting properties and favorable storage stability and is capable of maintaining favorable color-developing properties is provided, as is a plate making method for a lithographic printing plate in which the lithographic printing plate precursor is used. A new compound that can be preferably used as an infrared-sensitive color developer is also provided. An infrared-sensitive color developing composition of the invention includes a compound represented by Formula (1) (Component A). In addition, the compound in the present invention is represented by Formula (1). ##STR00001##

Provided herein are photochemical crosslinkers and photocleavable crosslinkers and their uses in methods for cell selection from cell cultures. The photochemical crosslinkers comprise a fluorescent dye and a radical generator. The photocleavable crosslinkers comprise a photocleavable linker linking two electrophilic groups to each other. Also provided are systems for imaging cells comprising a plurality of cells crosslinked to extracellular matrix proteins using a crosslinker as described, an imaging apparatus, an illuminating apparatus, and software for image processing.

Provided herein are photochemical crosslinkers and photocleavable crosslinkers and their uses in methods for cell selection from cell cultures. The photochemical crosslinkers comprise a fluorescent dye and a radical generator. The photocleavable crosslinkers comprise a photocleavable linker linking two electrophilic groups to each other. Also provided are systems for imaging cells comprising a plurality of cells crosslinked to extracellular matrix proteins using a crosslinker as described, an imaging apparatus, an illuminating apparatus, and software for image processing.

Provided are a coloring composition capable of producing a film having fewer defects generated, and the like even in a case where the coloring composition is stored for a long period of time in an environment with variations in temperature, a color filter, a pattern forming method, a solid-state imaging device, and an image display device. The coloring composition includes a heterocycle-containing coloring agent such as a compound represented by Formula (1), a phthalimide compound, a solvent, and a resin. In Formula (1), R.sup.1 to R.sup.13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and adjacent groups of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, provided that at least one of the pairs of adjacent two groups of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 is bonded to each other to form an aromatic ring.

##STR00001##

Provided are a coloring composition capable of producing a film having fewer defects generated, and the like even in a case where the coloring composition is stored for a long period of time in an environment with variations in temperature, a color filter, a pattern forming method, a solid-state imaging device, and an image display device. The coloring composition includes a heterocycle-containing coloring agent such as a compound represented by Formula (1), a phthalimide compound, a solvent, and a resin. In Formula (1), R.sup.1 to R.sup.13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and adjacent groups of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, provided that at least one of the pairs of adjacent two groups of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 is bonded to each other to form an aromatic ring.

##STR00001##

An infrared absorbing composition which is used for forming an infrared cut filter in a solid image pickup element having the infrared cut filter includes at least one infrared absorber having an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 650 nm or longer which is selected from polymethine colorants.