A method of making a bacteriochlorin is carried out by condensing a pair of compounds of Formula II ##STR00001##
to produce the bacteriochlorin, wherein R is an acetal or aldehyde group. The condensing may be carried out in an organic solvent, preferably in the presence of an acid. The bacteriochlorins are useful for a variety of purposes such as active agents in photodynamic therapy, luminescent compounds in flow cytometry, solar cells, light harvesting arrays, and molecular memory devices.

A method of making a bacteriochlorin is carried out by condensing a pair of compounds of Formula II ##STR00001##
to produce the bacteriochlorin, wherein R is an acetal or aldehyde group. The condensing may be carried out in an organic solvent, preferably in the presence of an acid. The bacteriochlorins are useful for a variety of purposes such as active agents in photodynamic therapy, luminescent compounds in flow cytometry, solar cells, light harvesting arrays, and molecular memory devices.

A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. The compounds include those having the following structure ##STR00001## By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,? fashion is achieved resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. The compounds include those having the following structure ##STR00001## By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,? fashion is achieved resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules that can be represented by, e.g., a compound of Formula IV designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules to date. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules that can be represented by, e.g., a compound of Formula IV designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules to date. ##STR00001##

Provided are photoacoustic imaging contrast agents that include at least one radiation-absorbing component comprising a bacteriochlorin, a metallobacteriochlorin, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof. Also provided are methods for using the disclosed photoacoustic imaging contrast agents either singly or in combination for generating an image of a volume, optionally a subject or a body part, cell, tissue, or organ thereof. Further provided are compositions and methods for multiplex photoacoustic imaging of a volume, optionally a subject or a body part, cell, tissue, or organ thereof using photoacoustic imaging contrast agents that include a plurality of the presently disclosed bacteriochlorins, metallobacteriochlorins, and/or derivatives thereof simultaneously.

The present disclosure relates to a wide color gamut film, a composition for preparing the same, a polarizing plate including the same, and a liquid crystal display including the polarizing plate. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a wide color gamut film capable of improving color gamut by increasing color purity and exhibiting excellent physical and optical characteristics, a composition for preparing the same, a polarizing plate including the same, and a liquid crystal display including the polarizing plate.

[Object] To improve imaging characteristics of a solid state imaging element. [Solution] Provided is a photoelectric conversion film containing a subphthalocyanine derivative represented by general formula (1) below,

##STR00001## in which, in the general formula (1), at least one or more of X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, at least one or more of X.sub.3 and X.sub.4, and at least one or more of X.sub.5 and X.sub.6 are a partial fluoroalkyl group substituted with two or more fluorine atoms or a perfluoroalkyl group, and Z is any substituent capable of binding to boron.

Porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives of General Formulas I-V are suitable for use as donor-type materials for photovoltaic cells, absorbers for dye-sensitized solar cells, emitters for red and near infra-red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), absorbers and re-emitters for organic concentrators (e.g., large area organic film for collection of sunlight) for small-size and high efficiency inorganic photovoltaics, and absorbers for hydrogeneration. ##STR00001## ##STR00002##