Porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives of General Formulas I-V are suitable for use as donor-type materials for photovoltaic cells, absorbers for dye-sensitized solar cells, emitters for red and near infra-red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), absorbers and re-emitters for organic concentrators (e.g., large area organic film for collection of sunlight) for small-size and high efficiency inorganic photovoltaics, and absorbers for hydrogeneration.

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A color material dispersion liquid including a color material, which is a salt-forming compound of an organic dye with a heteropolyoxometalate, a dispersant and a solvent, wherein the organic dye is at least one organic dye selected from the group consisting of a porphyrin dye, a tetraazaporphyrin dye, a phthalocyanine dye and a squarylium dye, and wherein the heteropolyoxometalate is a heteropolyoxometalate which has an oxidation-reduction potential larger than −0.3 V relative to the silver/silver chloride electrode.

A color material dispersion liquid including a color material, which is a salt-forming compound of an organic dye with a heteropolyoxometalate, a dispersant and a solvent, wherein the organic dye is at least one organic dye selected from the group consisting of a porphyrin dye, a tetraazaporphyrin dye, a phthalocyanine dye and a squarylium dye, and wherein the heteropolyoxometalate is a heteropolyoxometalate which has an oxidation-reduction potential larger than −0.3 V relative to the silver/silver chloride electrode.

The present invention relates to modified proppants and methods of using the modified proppants that use metal ligand tracers to characterize subterranean fluid flow. The metal and ligands are best chosen to be a strongly-coordinating, chelating ligand with a functional group for the chosen flow environment.

There is provided a photoelectric conversion film including a quinacridone derivative represented by the following General formula and a subphthalocyanine derivative represented by the following General formula.

There is provided a photoelectric conversion film including a quinacridone derivative represented by the following General formula and a subphthalocyanine derivative represented by the following General formula.

The combination of selective and high pass filters to cut harmful blue light allowed to achieve the best compromise between high blue cut performance, high UV cut and low yellow index, not achievable when using the filters alone.

The combination of selective and high pass filters to cut harmful blue light allowed to achieve the best compromise between high blue cut performance, high UV cut and low yellow index, not achievable when using the filters alone.

Provided are a novel naphthalocyanine compound, which has strong absorption in a near-infrared range, extremely weak absorption in a visible range, and high resistance such as light resistance and heat resistance, and exhibits excellent solubility in an organic solvent or a resin, a heat ray shielding material, and uses of the naphthalocyanine compound such as a heat ray shielding material and the like.

The naphthalocyanine compound is represented by General Formula (1).

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wherein, in Formula (1), M represents two hydrogen atoms, a divalent metal, or a derivative of a trivalent or tetravalent metal, R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group, A represents Formula (2), and B represents Formula (3),

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wherein, in Formula (2), R.sub.4 to R.sub.8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, or an arylthio group, and

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wherein, in Formula (3), X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and or an imino group, R.sub.9 to R.sub.13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group.

A system is provided comprising an optical filter. The optical filter comprises a Cu-porphyrin dye compound. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range of 460 nm-700 nm of at least 60%. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range 400 nm-460 nm that is less than 75%.