A filtration membrane coating comprising a hydrophilic polymer, a surfactant, and one or more charged compounds, each containing one or more sulfonate functionalities and one or more linkable functionalities selected from the group consisting of amine, monochlorotriazine, and dichlorotriazine. The hydrophilic polymer and surfactant form a thin primer layer which is also superhydrophilic. The primer layer improves flux, and enables improved adhesion of the one or more charged compounds, which form a charged dye layer on top of the primer layer when enhances rejection of charged divalent ions. The coating can be applied while the membrane is packaged in its final form, such as in a spiral wound or other configuration.

Provided is a method for directed fouling of a substance onto a selected surface. Also provided is an apparatus suitable for directed fouling of a substance onto a selected surface.

Provided is a method for directed fouling of a substance onto a selected surface. Also provided is an apparatus suitable for directed fouling of a substance onto a selected surface.

A composition for increasing adhesion between two surfaces that are in traction, sliding or rolling-sliding contact with each other is provided. The composition comprises one or more than one first component, where each of the one or more than one first component has a Mohs hardness value of equal to or greater than 7, and one or more than one organic rheology additive. The one or more than one first component and the one or more than one organic rheology additive are present in a ratio from about 90:10 to about 99.9:0.1 (wt/wt). The composition does not comprise water. A method of increase adhesion between two steel surfaces in sliding-rolling contact is also described. The method involves applying the composition to the rail surface at a rate sufficient to increase the adhesion between the two steel surfaces.

A composition for increasing adhesion between two surfaces that are in traction, sliding or rolling-sliding contact with each other is provided. The composition comprises one or more than one first component, where each of the one or more than one first component has a Mohs hardness value of equal to or greater than 7, and one or more than one organic rheology additive. The one or more than one first component and the one or more than one organic rheology additive are present in a ratio from about 90:10 to about 99.9:0.1 (wt/wt). The composition does not comprise water. A method of increase adhesion between two steel surfaces in sliding-rolling contact is also described. The method involves applying the composition to the rail surface at a rate sufficient to increase the adhesion between the two steel surfaces.

A cationic-stabilized dispersion for use in fabricating an in-mold coated article including at least one of a cationic-stabilized polyurethane dispersion, a cationic-stabilized acrylic dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyacrylamide dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyallylamine dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyetheramine dispersion, and a cationic-stabilized chitosan dispersion.

A cationic-stabilized dispersion for use in fabricating an in-mold coated article including at least one of a cationic-stabilized polyurethane dispersion, a cationic-stabilized acrylic dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyacrylamide dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyallylamine dispersion, a cationic-stabilized polyetheramine dispersion, and a cationic-stabilized chitosan dispersion.

A composition comprising a first, synthetic gel and a second gel is useful for the preparation of waterborne multicolor paints.

A composition comprising a first, synthetic gel and a second gel is useful for the preparation of waterborne multicolor paints.

The invention is directed to a method of providing a protective coating composition that protects a refractory wall or lining from chemical attack by molten aluminum and molten alkali metals. The method includes the steps of coating a refractory wall or liner with an aqueous protective composition that includes, by weight of the solids, about 20-90% Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (excluding calcined alumina), about 15-55% SiO.sub.2 and about 1-15% of a metallic non-wetting agent; and evaporating the water before contacting the protective coating with the reactive molten metal.