A method of combining different materials to produce the polymer

##STR00001##

In this polymer X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, and X.sub.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, H, and combinations thereof. Additionally, in this polymer R.sub.15, R.sub.16, R.sub.17, and R.sub.18 are independently selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, H, and combinations thereof. Finally, in this polymer R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 are independently selected from unsubstituted branched alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted branched alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms and unsubstituted or substituted linear alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms.

A material comprising an electron-accepting unit of formula (I): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 independently is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or is absent; and each X is independently H or a substituent with the proviso that at least one X is an electron-withdrawing group and wherein X groups bound to adjacent carbon atoms may be linked to form an electron-withdrawing group. The material further comprises an electron-donating unit D comprising a fused or unfused furan or thiophene. The material may be a polymer comprising repeat units of formula (I). The material may be a non-polymeric compound. An organic photodetector may contain a bulk heterojunction layer containing an electron acceptor or an electron donor wherein at least one of the electron acceptor and electron donor contains a unit of formula (I).

##STR00001##

According to the present invention, options for materials for organic devices such as materials for organic EL elements are increased by addition of a cycloalkane, by condensation, to a polycyclic aromatic compound in which a plurality of aromatic rings are linked together by boron atoms, oxygen atoms, and the like. By using a novel cycloalkane-condensed polycyclic aromatic compound as a material for an organic EL element, for example, an organic EL element having excellent emission efficiency and element life is provided.

A conductive composition comprising a conductive polymer (A), a water-soluble polymer (B), and a solvent (C1), wherein: the water-soluble polymer (B) comprises a water-soluble polymer (B11) represented by formula (11), and an amount of a water-soluble polymer (B2) represented by formula (2) as the water-soluble polymer (B) is 0.15% by mass or less, based on a total mass of the conductive composition: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently denotes a methyl or ethyl group, R.sup.6 denotes a hydrophilic group, R.sup.7 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Y.sup.1 denotes a single bond, —S—, —S(═O)—, —C(═O)—O— or —O—, Z denotes a cyano group or a hydroxy group, each of p1 and q denotes an average number of repetitions, and is a number of from 1 to 50, and m denotes a number of from 1 to 5.

A conductive composition comprising a conductive polymer (A), a water-soluble polymer (B), and a solvent (C1), wherein: the water-soluble polymer (B) comprises a water-soluble polymer (B11) represented by formula (11), and an amount of a water-soluble polymer (B2) represented by formula (2) as the water-soluble polymer (B) is 0.15% by mass or less, based on a total mass of the conductive composition: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently denotes a methyl or ethyl group, R.sup.6 denotes a hydrophilic group, R.sup.7 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Y.sup.1 denotes a single bond, —S—, —S(═O)—, —C(═O)—O— or —O—, Z denotes a cyano group or a hydroxy group, each of p1 and q denotes an average number of repetitions, and is a number of from 1 to 50, and m denotes a number of from 1 to 5.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high molecular weight compound that has excellent hole-injecting/transporting performance, is capable of blocking electrons, and is highly stable in a thin film state. It is another object of the invention to provide a light emitting diode with high luminous efficacy and a long lifespan, containing an organic layer (thin film) made of the above-described high molecular weight compound. The high molecular weight compound according to the present invention includes a repeating unit constituted by a specific triarylamine structural unit and a specific bonding structural unit, and has a weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene of 10,000 or more and less than 1,000,000.

A cycloolefin ring-opened copolymer includes a structural unit derived from a norbornene compound that includes a heteroelement-containing hydrocarbon group and a structural unit derived from a norbornene compound that includes a heteroelement-free hydrocarbon group. In this copolymer, the structural unit derived from the norbornene compound that includes the heteroelement-containing hydrocarbon group has a proportional content of not less than 0.01 mol % and not more than 15.00 mol % when all structural units included in the copolymer are taken to be 100 mol %.

A polymer comprising

##STR00001##

In this polymer, R, R′, and R″ are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, Cl, F, CN, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, ester, ketone and aryl groups. Additionally, in this polymer X and X′ are independently selected from aryl groups. Finally, m independently ranges from 1 to 100 and n independently ranges from 0 to 99

The present invention relates to a composition comprising i) at least one polythiophene comprising monomer units of structure (Ia) or (Ib)

##STR00001## in which *, X, Z, R, and R.sup.1-R.sup.6 are as defined herein; ii) at least one organic compound carrying one or two inorganic acid group(s), preferably one or two sulfonic acid group(s), one or two sulfuric acid group(s), one or two phosphonic acid group(s) or one or two phosphoric acid group(s), or a salt of said organic compound, wherein the molecular weight of the organic compound or the salt thereof is less than 1,000 g/mol; and iii) at least one organic solvent. A method of preparing such compounds is also provided.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising i) at least one polythiophene comprising monomer units of structure (Ia) or (Ib)

##STR00001## in which *, X, Z, R, and R.sup.1-R.sup.6 are as defined herein; ii) at least one organic compound carrying one or two inorganic acid group(s), preferably one or two sulfonic acid group(s), one or two sulfuric acid group(s), one or two phosphonic acid group(s) or one or two phosphoric acid group(s), or a salt of said organic compound, wherein the molecular weight of the organic compound or the salt thereof is less than 1,000 g/mol; and iii) at least one organic solvent. A method of preparing such compounds is also provided.